The Comparison of Physical Characteristics of Anatolian Native Goat Down Fibers With Cashmere

Abstract

Very fine and soft down fibers of native goats can have a potential as a valuable raw-material source for high-quality products. Therefore, down fibers were collected from native goats raised in different regions of Turkey, then their physical properties were analyzed and results were compared with cashmere fibers. Along with fiber diameter and fiber length, which are the most important parameters regarding spinnability of a textile fiber, fiber scale characteristics of Anatolian native goat down fibers were reported for the first time. In this respect, scale pattern, mean scale density, cuticle scale height, curvature, visual fiber crimp were analyzed as well as fiber tenacity and breaking elongation properties. The economical potential of these fibers in Turkey were also investigated. The findings of this work showed that average fiber fineness changed between 14-19 µm while the single fiber length varied as 33.0-61.0 mm. The mean scale density and cuticle scale height were between 6-7 scales/100 µm and 0.41-0.55 µm, respectively while the visual crimp frequency was 5-6 crimps/cm. On the other hand, the average tenacity and breaking elongation was above 12 cN/tex and 28%, respectively. These results show that these native goat down fibers, that have been wasted mostly, have very similar properties to cashmere fibers with adequate properties for spinnability, hence they have a potential for high-quality textile products as a substitute for cashmere fiber.

Assessment of hair and cashmere properties and their genetic background of several goat breeds in Southwest China

“…As for cashmere diameter, F 1 possessed a value of 16.27 μm, being the highest while no differences existed between DBG and IMCG (Table 2 ). These values for parents breeds were similar to those reported by Göktepe et al, 2018 on Anatolian native goat breeds (15.00 µm) 25 , British milk goats (14.00–15.00 μm), cashmere hair goat (14.30 μm), Chinese cashmere goats (14.50–15.50 μm) 16 , (14.63–15.75 μm) 29 and South-African domestic goats (14.00–16.50 μm). While, the cashmere diameter values obtained on F 1 were similar to Turkish hair goats (16.00–18.20 μm), Kilis goats (16.20 μm), Savannah goats (16.00–18.50 μm), Boer goats (16.20–18.50 μm) 26 and Cashmere goats (16.50–17.50 μm) 16 , 26 , but were lower than those of Gorno Altai goats (18.50–19.00 μm) 16 , Iranian and Afghanistan cashmere goats (17–18.50 μm) 26 and Van-Turkish hair goats (17.32–17.94 µm) 16 .…”

“…The cashmere length of IMCG (4.55 cm) was similar to that of Gorno Altai cashmere goat (4.50 cm) 26 . On the contrary to IMCG and DBG, the fibre length values obtained on F 1 were lower than those of Boer goats, Savannah goats (3.10 cm) 26 and Anatolian goat (3.30 cm) 25 .…”

“…Cashmere fibre strengths of IMCG, DBG and F 1 being 15.64, 40.07 and 33.99 cN/dT, respectively were lower than those found on Turkish hair goat (45.60–46.60 cN/dT) 16 , Australian cashmere (110.20 cN/dT) 34 and Anatolian native goat (< 120 cN/dT) 25 . However, DBG and F 1 cashmere strengths contrary to IMCG were higher than those reported by Mehmet et al for hair goats (25.00 cN/dT) 33 .…”

“…Shoulder and leg hair achieved higher length than side-portion and abdomen of F 1 cross due to differentces in genetic control of fibre growth. The current hair length values were higher than those of Anatolian native goat (6.10 cm) 25 , Krygyzstan (5.00 cm) 16 Gorno Altai cashmere goat (4.50 cm) 26 and hair goats in Turkey (4.40 cm) 16 . On the contrary to IMCG and F 1 , hair length values obtained on DBG were humble to those of Chinese hair goats (4.89 cm), Kilis goats (5.30 cm) 27 , but similar to some Chinese hair goats (3.80 cm), and higher than those of Norduz goats (2.44 cm) 28 .…”

“…The current cashmere length values for parents breeds were higher than those of South African domestic goats (1.5–3.0 cm) 26 , Turkish hair goats (2.80 cm) 30 , Van-Turkish hair goats (2.50–2.96 cm) 16 , South African Boer (2.00–3.10 cm), Savannah goats (2.00–3.10 cm) 26 , Anatolian native goat (3.30–6.10 cm) 25 and Norduz goat (2.44 cm) 28 , while were lower than those of Chinese cashmere (4.89 cm), Kilis goats (5.30 cm) 27 and Krygyzstan cashmere goat (5.00 cm) 16 . The cashmere length of IMCG (4.55 cm) was similar to that of Gorno Altai cashmere goat (4.50 cm) 26 .…”