The Comparison of the DASH, Hypocaloric, Mediterranean/Low Glycemic Diet/Low Carbohydrate, as a Nutritional Intervention in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Overweight Women: A Systematic Review

Abstract

There is substantial evidence supporting individuals with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) benefit from lifestyle changes through a nutrition intervention that improves small to moderate weight loss, restore ovulation, improve menstrual regularity, along with clinical (anthropometrics) and biochemical features (glucose tolerance, insulin, menstrual cycle, testosterone levels, free androgen index (FAI), and sex hormone binding globin). The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate individuals with PCOS and their body responses to different diets following a DASH, Mediterranean/Low-glycemic diet/low carbohydrate diet, and hypocaloric, diet in the improvement of clinical (anthropometrics) and biochemical (glucose tolerance, insulin, menstrual cycle, testosterone levels, free androgen index [FAI], and sex hormone binding globin) features. The literature was analyzed in different diet groups supporting nutrition intervention for PCOS in overweight/obese women in term of finding in clinical (anthropometrics- body mass index [BMI], waist circumference, and weight loss) and biochemical features (glucose tolerance, insulin, menstrual cycle, testosterone levels, FAI, and sex hormone binding globin), which will provide evidence to determine the best nutrition intervention for PCOS. This systematic review highlighted significant improvements in BMI, insulin resistance, menstrual irregularity and decrease testosterone levels in PCOS patients when following different diets (DASH, hypocaloric, Mediterranean/low-glycemic diet/low carbohydrate diet) when they are being compared among each other. Each diet supported different improvements in anthropometrics or biochemical biomarkers.

Pengaruh Penerapan Diet Rendah Glikemik Pada Perubahan Manifestasi Klinis Dan Penanda Inflamasi Wanita Dengan Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

“…Banyaknya angka kejadian wanita PCOS yang memiliki berat badan berlebih (38-88% wanita) menyebabkan salah satu terapi dari PCOS ialah dengan mengubah cara hidupnya, dengan diet (Anisya et al, 2019). Diet yang dapat digunakan untuk terapi PCOS terbilang banyak, salah satunya ialah diet rendah indeks glikemik (Kazemi et al, 2018;Le & Haubrick, 2021;Saadati et al, 2021;Szczuko et al, 2018;Turner-McGrievy et al, 2014).…”

“…Diet rendah glikemik ialah diet yang mengonsumsi makanan dengan indeks glikemik yang rendah (<55) (Becker et al, 2015). Dengan mengonsumsi makanan rendah glikemik, maka kalori yang dibutuhkan dalam sehari berkurang 500kkal perharinya dari sebelum melakukan diet (Frary et al, 2016;Goss et al, 2014;Kazemi et al, 2021;Le & Haubrick, 2021;Marzouk & Sayed Ahmed, 2015;Missel et al, 2021;Porchia et al, 2020;Rashighi & Harris, 2017b;Shishehgar et al, 2019;Turner-McGrievy et al, 2014).…”

Is the MIND diet useful for polycystic ovary syndrome? A case-control study

“…Previous reports suggest that, the diet of patients with PCOS is high in carbohydrates and fat, which increases the lipid inflammatory environment and IR of patients to some extent [13] and causes the progression of the disease. On the other hand, dietary modification and following the DASH, hypocaloric, Mediterranean, low-glycemic, and low-carbohydrate diets had improved BMI, insulin resistance, menstrual irregularity, and decreased testosterone levels in PCOS patients [14].…”