The compatibility of hunting and mothering among the agta hunter-gatherers of the Philippines

Goodman, Madeleine J.; Griffin, Pat; Estioko-Griffin, A.; Grove, John S.

doi:10.1007/bf00287829

Cited by 79 publications

(63 citation statements)

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“…Estioko-Griffin and Griffin (1985) do not, however, directly relate this to women engaging in hunting. Supporting this position is the finding that there was no significant difference in the number of living offspring between Cagayan women who hunt and those who do not (Goodman et al 1985). By contrast, and in keeping with an evolutionary perspective, Hurtado et al (1985) have suggested that high infant mortality could constitute one of the costs of hunting by Cagayan women.…”

Section: Silverman and Eals_s Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…For instance, among the Iñupiat from Alaska, hunting is conceived as a sacred activity in which, because of their generosity, women succeed in attracting the animals, which then readily give themselves to the men who perform the killing (Bodenhorn 1990). them even during their peak childbearing years, 6 they contribute up to 40% of the meat acquired by the group (Goodman et al 1985), besides being adept at underwater spearfishing (Estioko-Griffin and Griffin 1981). But cases of women killing fairly large animals remain isolated and seem to occur under special socioecological circumstances (Goodman et al 1985;Hurtado et al 1985;Kelly 1995;Sanday 1981).…”

Section: Ancient Subsistence Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Female Advantage in Object Location Memory According to the Foraging Hypothesis: A Critical Analysis

Ecuyer-Dab

Robert

2007

Hum Nat

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According to the evolutionary hypothesis of Silverman and Eals (1992, Sex differences in spatial abilities: Evolutionary theory and data. In J. H. Barkow, L. Cosmides, & J. Tooby (Eds.), The adapted mind: Evolutionary psychology and the generation of culture (pp. 533-549). Oxford: Oxford University Press), women evolutionary hypothesis, women surpass men in object location memory as a result of a sexual division in foraging activities among early humans. After surveying the main anthropological information on ancestral sex-related foraging, we review the evidence on how robust women's advantage in object location memory is. This leads us to suggest that the functional understanding of this type of memory would benefit from comparing men and women in carefully designed and ecologically meaningful cognitive contexts involving, for instance, incidental versus intentional settings that call for either the absolute or relative encoding of the locations of common versus uncommon objects.

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Section: Silverman and Eals_s Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Ancient Subsistence Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Female Advantage in Object Location Memory According to the Foraging Hypothesis: A Critical Analysis

Ecuyer-Dab

Robert

2007

Hum Nat

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“…In contrast to the Aché, the more extensive caregiver networks available to Agta women in northeastern Luzon may explain why despite similarities in the overall environment, Agta women actively participate in acquiring large prey [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Provisioning offspring and others: risk–energy trade-offs and gender differences in hunter–gatherer foraging strategies

Codding

Bird

2011

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Offspring provisioning is commonly referenced as the most important influence on men's and women's foraging decisions. However, the provisioning of other adults may be equally important in determining gender differences in resource choice, particularly when the goals of provisioning offspring versus others cannot be met with the acquisition of the same resources. Here, we examine how resources vary in their expected daily energetic returns and in the variance or risk around those returns. We predict that when available resources impose no trade-off between risk and energy, the targets of men's and women's foraging will converge on high-energy, low-risk resources that allow for the simultaneous provisioning of offspring and others. However, when minimizing risk and maximizing energy trade-off with one another, we expect men's foraging to focus on provisioning others through the unreliable acquisition of large harvests, while women focus on reliably acquiring smaller harvests to feed offspring. We test these predictions with foraging data from three populations (Aché, Martu and Meriam). The results uphold the predictions, suggesting that men's and women's foraging interests converge when highenergy resources can be reliably acquired, but diverge when higher-energy resources are associated with higher levels of risk. Social factors, particularly the availability of alloparental support, may also play a major role.

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“…[113][114][115][116][117][118] Mothers are most stretched to meet their children's needs when they have both older and younger dependent children. 119 Mothers with a nursing infant and older children tend to balance the competing demands of providing for children of different ages by reducing time spent in domestic activities, foraging activities, or field work, which directly benefit older children.…”

Section: -112 Shortermentioning

confidence: 99%

Pooled energy budgets: Resituating human energy ‐allocation trade‐offs

Kramer

Ellison

2010

Evolutionary Anthropology

140

120

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Across taxa, many life-history traits vary as a function of differences in body size.1-5 Among primates, including humans, allometric relationships explain many trends in metabolic, growth, reproductive, and mortality rates.6-8 But humans also deviate from nonhuman primates with respect to other developmental, reproductive, and parenting characteristics. [9][10][11][12][13] Broad relationships between life-history traits and body size assume that energy expended in activity (foraging effort) is proportional to body size, and that energy available for growth and reproduction are equivalent. Because human subsistence and parenting are based on food sharing, and cooperation in labor and childrearing, the ways by which energy is acquired and allocated to alternate expenditures are expanded. We present a modification of the general allocation model to include a mechanism for these energy transfers. Our goal is to develop a framework that incorporates this mechanism and can explain the human life-history paradox; that is, slow juvenile growth and rapid reproduction. We suggest that the central characteristics of human subsistence and energy transfer need to be accounted for in order to more fully appreciate human life-history variability. LIFE-HISTORY APPROACHES TO THE PARADOX OF SLOW GROWTH AND RAPID REPRODUCTIONThe scaling of life-history traits with body size is generally explained by the link between body size and metabolic energy production. However, human life histories also present a paradox. Juvenile growth rates (from weaning to adolescence) are slower than expected for an ape of our size, 11,13,19 but reproductive rates are faster. 20,21 This discordance in the directionality of life-history expectations can be framed in terms of an energetic puzzle. Given the basic life-history assumption that the energy available for growth and reproduction (production function) is equivalent, 16 we need to explain either where the extra energy to fuel faster reproduction comes from or where the missing energy that could fuel faster growth goes, or both. In other words, why don't children grow faster or mothers reproduce more slowly?Charnov and Berrigan's life-history model is both elegant and far-reaching in predicting how and why primate life-history traits vary from those of other mammals. One of its important contributions to hominin evolution is its illumination of the human life-history paradox. Various robust models have proposed explanations for the evolution of life-history traits in relation to mortality schedules and the human life course. 17,18,22,23 Other human life-history models have focused on explaining slow growth, delayed maturity, or fast reproduction.24-29 The pooled energy model presented here is not contrary to these perspectives, but focuses on a unifying mechanism, energy transfers, to account for both slow juvenile growth and fast reproduction within one framework. ARTICLESKaren Kramer is an Associate Professor in the department of Human Evolutionary Biology at Harvard University. Her research with...

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The compatibility of hunting and mothering among the agta hunter-gatherers of the Philippines

Cited by 79 publications

References 3 publications

The Female Advantage in Object Location Memory According to the Foraging Hypothesis: A Critical Analysis

The Female Advantage in Object Location Memory According to the Foraging Hypothesis: A Critical Analysis

Provisioning offspring and others: risk–energy trade-offs and gender differences in hunter–gatherer foraging strategies

Pooled energy budgets: Resituating human energy ‐allocation trade‐offs

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