The complete chloroplast genome and phylogenetic analysis of Veratrum mengtzeanum Loes. F. (Liliaceae)

Abstract

Veratrum mengtzeanum Loes. F. is a medicinal plant belonging to the genus Veratrum (Liliaceae). In the present study, we assembled and characterized the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of this species. The chloroplast genome is 152,051 bp in length, with one large single copy (LSC) region and one small single copy (SSC) region of 82,112 bp and 17,544 bp, respectively; two inverted repeat (IR) regions of 26,198 bp. It contains 131 annotated genes, including 85 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 38 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and 8 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that V. mengtzeanum was closely related to Veratrum japonicum with 100% bootstrap value.

Comparative Chloroplast Genome Analysis of Medicinally Important Veratrum (Melanthiaceae) in China: Insights into Genomic Characterization and Phylogenetic Relationships

“…The LSC region ranged 81,822-83,372 bp and SSC region ranged 17,473-17,628 bp, which were separated by two IR regions (26,145-26,359 bp) ( Table 1). The overall Guanine-Cytosine (GC) content of twelve Veratrum cp genomes ranged 35.7-35.8%, which is similar to that of other Melanthieae species [38,43,44]. And the GC content of the IRs (42.9-43.0%) was higher than that of LSC ( New sequences from this study are in boldface.…”

“…The cp genomes have been showed to be effective in resolving problematic phylogenetic relationships at different taxonomic levels [38][39][40][41]. Up to now, however, the plastomes of only a few Veratrum species have been sequenced, and the data accumulated are still de cient for the clari cation of the internal relationships of the family [35,[42][43][44]. Hence, we attempted to explore more Veratrum and its related species phylogenetic relationships with chloroplast genomics.…”

Comparative chloroplast genome analysis of medicinally important Veratrum (Melanthiaceae) in China: Insights into genomic characterization and phylogenetic relationships

“…nanchuanense ) lacked the protein-coding gene rps 16 . Compared to other genera in Liliales, the loss of the rps16 gene seems to be a specific feature of species in tribes Melanthieae and Chionographideae ( Bodin et al, 2013 ; Do et al, 2013 ; Han et al, 2019 ). In addition, our analysis indicated that ycf68 and ycf15 do not encode proteins and may, therefore, have been pseudogenized, as suggested in previous studies ( Raubeson et al, 2007 ; Do et al, 2013 ).…”

Review: Veratrum californicum Alkaloids

“…Pimacao is the main ingredient in “Yunnan Baiyao”, a well-known traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of pain caused by fractures, hemorrhage, epilepsy, and rheumatism. The mechanism of action has not been thoroughly studied because the formula for this medicine has not been disclosed [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 46 ]. Yunnan Baiyao is commonly used for orthopedics, respiratory care, gastroenterology, and gynecology, but some possible adverse drug reactions include abdominal pain, chest tightness, nausea, vomiting, perturbation, and urticaria, among others [ 46 ].…”