The complete chloroplast genome sequence of the medicinal plant Elsholtzia rugulosa Hemsl (Labiatae)

Abstract

Elsholtzia rugulosa is a medicinal plant commonly used in southwest of China. In this study, we sequenced the complete chloroplast (cp) genome sequence of E. rugulosa to investigate its phylogenetic relationship in the family Labiatae. The chloroplast genome of E. rugulosa was 151,952 bp in length with 37.9% overall GC content, including a large single copy (LSC) region of 83,056 bp, a small single copy (SSC) region of 17,526 bp, and a pair of inverted repeats (IRs) of 25,685 bp. The cp genome contained 113 genes, including 80 protein-coding genes, 29 tRNA genes, and 4 rRNA genes. The phylogenetic analysis indicated Elsholtzia was closely related to Perilla.

GC-MS combined with multivariate analysis for the determination of the geographical origin of Elsholtzia rugulosa Hemsl. in Yunnan province

“…Among them, Elsholtzia ketone, linalool, artemisyl ketone, humulenol, isospathulenol, andrographolide, and many chemical components isolated from E. rugulosa have bio-medical activities such as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, anti-malarial, and anti-influenza virus. 5–18 These compounds are also the material basis of the medicinal effect of E. rugulosa . It can be seen from Table 1 that under the significance level P < 0.05, the differential volatile components of E. rugulosa in the four origins reach more than 50, indicating that the origin has a great influence on the volatile components of E. rugulosa .…”

“…Among them, Elsholtzia ketone, linalool, artemisyl ketone, humulenol, isospathulenol, andrographolide, and many chemical components isolated from E. rugulosa have biomedical activities such as anti-cancer, anti-inammatory, antioxidation, anti-malarial, and anti-inuenza virus. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] These compounds are also the material basis of the medicinal effect of E. rugulosa. It can be seen from Table 1 that under the signicance level P < 0.05, the differential volatile components of E. rugulosa in the four origins reach more than 50, indicating that the origin has a great inuence on the volatile components of E. Under the high signicance of difference level (F > 50, P < 0.05), the E. rugulosa pharmaceutical components with the highest relative content of the four origins were Elsholtzia ketone in Fumin, (1R,7S,E)-7-isopropyl-4,10dimethylenecyclodec-5-enol in Dali, squalene in Lijiang, and these compounds can be labeled as origin characteristic medicinal components.…”

“…1,2 It is known as a local herbal tea, medicinal herb, and honey plant, mainly distributed in Southwest China, especially in Yunnan Province. [3][4][5][6][7] In this region, the local ethnic minorities use it to treat colds, fever, u, and diarrhea. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] In addition to the abovementioned medicinal functions, recent studies have shown that many compounds isolated from E. rugulosa have anticancer and even relieve Alzheimer's symptoms.…”

“…[3][4][5][6][7] In this region, the local ethnic minorities use it to treat colds, fever, u, and diarrhea. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] In addition to the abovementioned medicinal functions, recent studies have shown that many compounds isolated from E. rugulosa have anticancer and even relieve Alzheimer's symptoms. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Through phytochemical methods, a variety of terpenoids, polyphenols, avonoids, and other non-volatile components were identied, such as anti-inammatory triterpene ursolic acid, 16,18 antioxidant polyphenol rosmarinic acid, 26 anti-inuenza and anti-Alzheimer's avonoid Luteolin, 11,12 etc.…”

“…4–10 In addition to the above-mentioned medicinal functions, recent studies have shown that many compounds isolated from E. rugulosa have anti-cancer and even relieve Alzheimer's symptoms. 4–18 Through phytochemical methods, a variety of terpenoids, polyphenols, flavonoids, and other non-volatile components were identified, such as anti-inflammatory triterpene ursolic acid, 16,18 antioxidant polyphenol rosmarinic acid, 26 anti-influenza and anti-Alzheimer's flavonoid Luteolin, 11,12 etc. In the essential oil of E. rugulosa , β-dehydroelsholtzia ketone and Elsholtzia ketone were identified.…”