The complete mitochondrial genome and phylogenetic analysis of the European map butterfly <i>Araschnia levana</i> (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)

Alexiuk, Mackenzie R.; Marcus, Jeffrey M.; Lalonde, Melanie M. L.

doi:10.1080/23802359.2020.1810163

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…However, the tribe Kallimini was not supported as a monophyletic group, forming a sister group between Doleschallia melana in Kallimini and the monophyletic Melitaeinii in both analyses, although the nodal support was weak (bootstrap percentages, 51%, Figure 1; Bayesian posterior probabilities, 0.52, data not shown). Non-monophyletic Kallimini was also reported in previous phylogenetic studies, which used mitochondrial genomes (Alexiuk et al 2020a;Aguila et al 2021).…”

supporting

confidence: 64%

Complete mitochondrial genome of the summer heath fritillary butterfly,Mellicta ambigua(Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)

Kim

Chu

Park

et al. 2021

Mitochondrial DNA Part B

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We sequenced the mitochondrial genome (mitogeome) of the summer heath fritillary bullterfly, Mellicta ambigua M en etri es, 1859 (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae), which is listed as an endangered insect in South Korea. The 15,205-bp long complete genome contained 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 rRNA genes, 22 tRNA genes, and 1 A þ T-rich region with an arrangement identical to that observed in most insect mitogenomes. Unlike the other PCGs, COI had the atypical CGA start codon frequently found in lepidopteran COI. The A/T content of the whole mitogenome was 80.57%; however, it varied among the regions/genes as follows: A þ T-rich region, 93.39%; srRNA, 85.37%; lrRNA, 84.92%; tRNAs, 81.13%; and PCGs, 79.22%. Phylogenetic analyses using concatenated sequences of the 13 PCGs and 2 rRNAs placed M. ambigua as a sister group to the within-tribe species, Melitaea cinxia, with the highest nodal support both in the maximum-likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) methods.

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supporting

confidence: 64%

Complete mitochondrial genome of the summer heath fritillary butterfly,Mellicta ambigua(Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)

Kim

Chu

Park

et al. 2021

Mitochondrial DNA Part B

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“…However, the effects are not always consistent with a straightforward mechanism based on the inhibition of target effectors. Future research should, therefore, focus on the functional analysis of miRNAs and regulatory proteins, which will be facilitated by the availability of genomic and transcriptomic data as well as miRNA target predictions for both spring and summer generations [ 22 , 23 , 52 ]. Moreover, CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing is now feasible in lepidopteran species, making gene knockout studies in A. levana a promising approach [ 53 ].…”

Section: Hormonal and Epigenetic Control Of The Phenotypementioning

confidence: 99%

The European Map Butterfly Araschnia levana as a Model to Study the Molecular Basis and Evolutionary Ecology of Seasonal Polyphenism

Baudach

Vilcinskas

2021

Insects

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The European map butterfly Araschnia levana is a well-known example of seasonal polyphenism. Spring and summer imagoes exhibit distinct morphological phenotypes. Key environmental factors responsible for the expression of different morphs are day length and temperature. Larval exposure to light for more than 16 h per day entails direct development and results in the adult f. prorsa summer phenotype. Less than 15.5 h per day increasingly promotes diapause and the adult f. levana spring phenotype. The phenotype depends on the timing of the release of 20-hydroxyecdysone in pupae. Release within the first days after pupation potentially inhibits the default “levana-gene-expression-profile” because pre-pupae destined for diapause or subitaneous development have unique transcriptomic programs. Moreover, multiple microRNAs and their targets are differentially regulated during the larval and pupal stages, and candidates for diapause maintenance, duration, and phenotype determination have been identified. However, the complete pathway from photoreception to timekeeping and diapause or subitaneous development remains unclear. Beside the wing polyphenism, the hormonal and epigenetic modifications of the two phenotypes also include differences in biomechanical design and immunocompetence. Here, we discuss research on the physiological and molecular basis of polyphenism in A. levana, including hormonal control, epigenetic regulation, and the effect of ecological parameters on developmental fate.

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“… 2016 ; Alexiuk et al. 2020a ). The A. io geisha nuclear rRNA repeat (Genbank MZ322949) was also assembled and annotated using an A. levana (MT750296) reference sequence.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 2020 ; Lalonde 2021 ; Alexiuk et al. 2021 ). Mitogenome sequences were aligned in CLUSTALX 2.1 (Thompson et al.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome of the Japanese peacock butterfly Aglais io geisha (Stichel 1907) (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)

Alexiuk

Lalonde

Marcus

2021

Mitochondrial DNA Part B

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The peacock butterfly Aglais io (Linnaeus, 1758) (Nymphalidae: Nymphalinae: Nymphalini) is a colorful and charismatic flagship butterfly species whose range spans from the British Isles and Europe through temperate Asia and the Far East. In Europe, it has been used as a model species for studying the effects of GMO maize pollen on caterpillar growth and survivorship. The Japanese subspecies, Aglais io geisha (Stichel 1907 ), is not as well studied as its European counterpart. Genome skimming by Illumina sequencing allowed the assembly of a complete circular mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of 15,252 bp from A. io geisha consisting of 80.6% AT nucleotides, 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNAs, two rRNAs, and a control region in the gene order typical of butterfly species. Aglais io geisha COX1 gene features an atypical start codon (CGA) while COX1, COX2, CYTB, ND1, ND3 , ND4, and ND5 display incomplete stop codons finished by the addition of 3’ A residues to the mRNA. Bayesian phylogenetic reconstruction places A. io geisha within a clade with European A. io mitogenomes in the tribe Nymphalini, which is consistent with previous phylogenetic hypotheses.

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The complete mitochondrial genome and phylogenetic analysis of the European map butterfly Araschnia levana (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)

Cited by 7 publications

References 26 publications

Complete mitochondrial genome of the summer heath fritillary butterfly,Mellicta ambigua(Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)

Complete mitochondrial genome of the summer heath fritillary butterfly,Mellicta ambigua(Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)

The European Map Butterfly Araschnia levana as a Model to Study the Molecular Basis and Evolutionary Ecology of Seasonal Polyphenism

Phylogenetic analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome of the Japanese peacock butterfly Aglais io geisha (Stichel 1907) (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)

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