The complete mitochondrial genome of the tree frog, Polypedates braueri (Anura, Rhacophoridae)

Abstract

We determined the complete mitochondrial genome of the tree frog, Polypedates braueri using next generation sequencing (NGS) and Sanger sequencing. The mitogenome of P. braueri was 19,904 bp in length, which contained 12 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNAs, two rRNAs, and two control regions (D-Loop). A noncoding sequence (NC) was discovered between tRNA Lys and ATP6 gene, as well as replaced the original position of ATP8 gene. The ND5 gene was found between the two control regions. More mitochondrial genomic information will contribute to revealing the phylogenetic relationships among species of the genus Polypedates.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Omei Treefrog (Rhacophorus omeimontis)

“…The gene arrangement is consistent with other amphibian genomes (Huang et al. 2019 ). All PCGS of the mtDNA have a methionine start codon (ATR) except ND2 (ATC) and COI (GTG).…”

“…The base composition is 32.5% for A, 30.5% for T, 23.3% for C, and 13.7% for G. ND6 and eight tRNAs are encoded by the L-strand, whereas all the other genes are encoded by the H-strand. The gene arrangement is consistent with other amphibian genomes (Huang et al 2019). All PCGS of the mtDNA have a methionine start codon (ATR) except ND2 (ATC) and COI (GTG).…”

“… 2013 , Huang et al. 2019 ). The phylogenetic tree ( Figure 1 ) showed that the Rhacophorus omeimontis was closer to Rhacophorus schlegelii (genus Rhacophorus ) than Rhacophorus dennysi (genus Zhangixalus ) in genetic relationship.…”

“…Based on the concatenated nucleotide sequences of protein-coding genes and 2 rRNAs, the phylogenetic relationships of the Rhacophorus omeimontis and the other 16 frogs were constructed by MEGA6.0 using maximum-likelihood (ML) method with 1000 bootstrap replications (Tamura et al 2013, Huang et al 2019. The phylogenetic tree (Figure 1) showed that the Rhacophorus omeimontis was closer to Rhacophorus schlegelii (genus Rhacophorus) than Rhacophorus dennysi (genus Zhangixalus) in genetic relationship.…”

Complete Mitogenomes of Polypedates Tree Frogs Unveil Gene Rearrangement and Concerted Evolution within Rhacophoridae

“…Overall, frog mitogenomes are fast-evolving. The mitochondrial genes of the Archaeobatrachia suborder retain the canonical vertebrate arrangement, whereas many neobatrachian frogs have been split into multiple novel derived orders with duplicated CR copies (e.g., Dicroglossidae [ 16 , 17 ], Mantellidae [ 18 , 19 ], and Rhacophoridae [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]). This duplication pattern seems to be phylogenetically conserved and is thought to result from either independent evolution [ 25 , 26 ] or concerted evolution [ 27 , 28 , 29 ].…”