The complex interplay of diet, xenobiotics, and microbial metabolism in the gut: Implications for clinical outcomes

Taguer, Mariia; Maurice, Corinne F.

doi:10.1002/cpt.366

Cited by 29 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Several factors could contribute to these discrepancies, including methodological variations and inherent heterogeneity of ASD cohorts based on symptom severity, co-morbid conditions, varied lifestyle and medical history. ASD-associated alterations in eating behavior and diet are likely to play a role, as the gut microbiota can be stably altered in response to dietary changes and exposures to xenobiotics (49). …”

Section: Potential Roles For the Microbiome In Asdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Roles for the Gut Microbiome in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Vuong

Hsiao

2017

Biological Psychiatry

467

330

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a serious neurodevelopmental disorder that affects one in 45 children in the United States, with a similarly striking prevalence in countries around the world. However, mechanisms underlying its etiology and manifestations remain poorly understood. While ASD is diagnosed based on the presence and severity of impaired social communication and repetitive behavior, immune dysregulation and gastrointestinal issues are common co-morbidities. The microbiome is an integral part of human physiology; recent studies show that changes in the gut microbiota can modulate gastrointestinal physiology, immune function and even behavior. Links between particular bacteria from the indigenous gut microbiota and phenotypes relevant to ASD raise the important question of whether microbial dysbiosis plays a role in the development or presentation of ASD symptoms. Here we review reports of microbial dysbiosis in ASD. We further discuss potential effects of the microbiota on ASD-associated symptoms, drawing upon signaling mechanisms for reciprocal interactions between the microbiota, immunity, gut function and behavior. In addition, we discuss recent findings supporting a role for the microbiome as an interface between environmental and genetic risk factors that are associated with ASD. These studies highlight the integration of pathways across multiple body systems that together can impact brain and behavior and suggest that changes in the microbiome may contribute to symptoms of neurodevelopmental disease.

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Section: Potential Roles For the Microbiome In Asdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Roles for the Gut Microbiome in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Vuong

Hsiao

2017

Biological Psychiatry

467

330

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“…[19][20][21] Over the last decade, the role of microbiota on aGVHD development has gained more recognition owing to the development of culture-independent DNA sequencing techniques, which have emerged to play a key role in the accurate identification of multiple bacterial species. 22 Alteration of microbiota composition and epithelial barrier dysfunction promote switch in MAMPs recognition by pathogen recognition receptors (PRR) on intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) and dendritic cells (DC). 23 Such imbalance between microbes and the host can lead to the production of proinflammatory cytokines by macrophages and activated T cells contributing to the immune damage observed in GI-GVHD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of gut-decontamination prophylactic antibiotics on acute graft-versus-host disease and survival following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

et al. 2016

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The intestinal microbiota plays a key role in the pathogenesis of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD). High-dose conditioning regimens given prior to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHSCT) modulate the composition of gut microbiota and damage the gut epithelial barrier, resulting in increased systemic inflammation. We assessed whether gut decontamination with antibiotics (ATB) prior to aHSCT influenced the frequency of aGVHD and mortality in 500 patients from two Canadian centers between 2005 and 2012. The rate of grade II-IV aGVHD was higher in the ATB arm compared with the arm without ATB (42% vs 28%; p < 0.001). This difference was mainly driven by a 2-fold higher rate of grade II-IV gastrointestinal aGVHD (GI-GVHD) in the ATB arm compared with the arm without ATB (20.7% vs 10.8%; p D 0.003). Multivariate analyses adjusted for known aGVHD risk factors revealed that more patients in the ATB group developed clinically significant GI-GVHD and liver aGVHD; adjusted odds ratio (aOR) D 1.83; p D 0.023 and aOR D 3.56; p D 0.047, respectively. Importantly, median overall survival (OS) was significantly lower in the group receiving ATB and the OS at 10 y remained decreased in the ATB group; adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) D 1.61 (p < 0.001).Without undermining the role of ATB prophylaxis to prevent infection in aHSCT, we have shown that the use of ATB that targets intestinal bacteria is associated with a more severe aGVHD that involves the GI organs and impacts OS. Prospective studies that evaluate the contribution of bacterial decontamination to aGVHD are warranted.

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“…Una microbiota sana se caracteriza por una alta diversidad y por su capacidad para resistir la invasión por patógenos (9). Por el contrario, un desequilibrio en la diversidad o función de la comunidad microbiana, término que se conoce con el nombre de disbiosis ( Fig.…”

Section: Importancia Clínica De La Microbiota Intestinalunclassified

Simulador gastrointestinal dinámico (simgi®): una herramienta potencialmente útil en nutrición clínica

Tamargo¹,

Gil‐Sánchez²,

Miralles³

et al. 2017

Nutr Hosp

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Dentro de la microbiota humana, el tracto gastrointestinal alberga el ecosistema más complejo y abundante del cuerpo humano, siendo el colon donde se encuentra la concentración más alta de microrganismos (1012cél/g). La microbiota intestinal desempeña funciones metabólicas, tróficas y de protección que son de gran importancia para el hospedador. Durante las últimas décadas, son numerosos los estudios que han tratado de aportar evidencias científicas acerca de los factores que, a través de cambios en la composición de la microbiota intestinal, influyen en la salud humana. Sin embargo, esta aproximación está cambiando, y son cada vez más los expertos que apuestan por evaluar cambios a nivel de funcionalidad de la microbiota. Si aplicamos este enfoque dual al papel desempeñado por la dieta, resulta obvia la necesidad de disponer de modelos dinámicos de simulación gastrointestinal, como es el simgi®, que permitan evaluar las transformaciones que sufren los alimentos y/o ingredientes alimentarios durante el tránsito por el tracto gastrointestinal, así como para determinar los posibles cambios en la composición y funcionalidad de la microbiota intestinal derivados de la ingesta de alimentos. Los estudios llevados a cabo hasta el momento con el simgi® constatan sus potenciales aplicaciones en el área de los alimentos como paso previo a su aplicación en nutrición clínica, para prevenir y/o tratar enfermedades asociadas a disbiosis intestinal, así como trastornos metabólicos. Así mismo, esta revisión recoge posibles perspectivas de utilización del simgi® en la investigación clínica relativa a enfermedades relacionadas con disfunciones de la microbiota intestinal

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The complex interplay of diet, xenobiotics, and microbial metabolism in the gut: Implications for clinical outcomes

Cited by 29 publications

References 80 publications

Emerging Roles for the Gut Microbiome in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Emerging Roles for the Gut Microbiome in Autism Spectrum Disorder

The influence of gut-decontamination prophylactic antibiotics on acute graft-versus-host disease and survival following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Simulador gastrointestinal dinámico (simgi®): una herramienta potencialmente útil en nutrición clínica

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