The complexity of wood ash fertilization disentangled: Effects on soil pH, nutrient status, plant growth and cadmium accumulation

Johansen, Jesper Liengaard; Nielsen, Maiken Lundstad; Vestergård, Mette; Mortensen, Louise Hindborg; Cruz-Paredes, Carla; Rønn, Regin; Kjøller, Rasmus; Hovmand, M. F.; Christensen, Søren

doi:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2021.104424

Cited by 29 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The use of soil conditioners obtained from residues rich in nutrients that are essential to plants, such as wood ash, can accelerate the soil recovery process while preventing environmental impacts caused by the diffuse disposal of these residues by industries (Qin et al, 2017;Johansen et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wood ash as a vegetative-growth promoter in soils with subsurface compaction

Bonfim-Silva

Martinez-Santos

Silva

et al. 2022

Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient.

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Subsurface soil compaction and nutritional stress are among the main factors that limit the yield of crops. Using forest residues, such as wood ash, is a viable option in the chemical recovery of soils and can promote vigorous root development in soils with subsurface compaction. The objective of this study was to indicate the most adequate dose of wood ash for efficient management of this residue applied in rotational crops cultivated in soils with subsurface compaction. Safflower plants (Carthamus tinctorius), a rotational crop with a deep taproot system, were grown in clay soil fertilized with different doses of ash and with induced levels of compaction in the subsurface layer. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, under a 4 × 5 factorial scheme, composed of four doses of wood ash (8.0, 16.0, 24.0, and 32.0 g dm-3) and five levels of soil bulk density (1.0, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, and 1.8 kg dm-3), with four replicates. Crop growth variables (plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, and SPAD chlorophyll index) were evaluated at 15, 45, and 75 days after emergence. The results indicated that soil compaction was the most limiting factor to the vegetative development of safflower, regardless of the ash dose. The interaction between the wood ash dose and bulk density, when present, showed that the best growth response occurred for ash dose of 25 g dm-3 for a soil bulk density of 1.2 kg dm-3.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wood ash as a vegetative-growth promoter in soils with subsurface compaction

Bonfim-Silva

Martinez-Santos

Silva

et al. 2022

Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient.

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“…Application of wood ash on forest soil has been proposed to prevent acidification and nutrient depletion (Jacobson, 2003), improve plant production (Cruz-Paredes et al, 2017a;Johansen et al, 2021), and to recycle waste product (Huotari et al, 2015). Wood ash increases soil pH (Fritze et al, 2000;Perkiömäki and Fritze, 2002) and contains nutrients, e.g., phosphorus, calcium, potassium and magnesium, along with heavy metals, e.g., cadmium, zinc, and copper (Knapp and Insam, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increases in microbial activity may also occur after wood ash addition (Bååth et al, 1995;Perkiömäki and Fritze, 2002;Zimmermann and Frey, 2002;Mahmood et al, 2003;Insam et al, 2009). Even though wood ash does not contain N, the increased pH after application often leads to higher N availability because of increased mineralization of organically bound N (Vestergård et al, 2018;Mortensen et al, 2020;Johansen et al, 2021). Moreover, wood ash addition tends to shift microbial communities toward increased bacterial and reduced fungal dominance (Bååth et al, 1995;Perkiömäki and Fritze, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteria Respond Stronger Than Fungi Across a Steep Wood Ash-Driven pH Gradient

Cruz-Paredes

Bang‐Andreasen

Christensen

et al. 2021

Front. For. Glob. Change

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Soil pH is probably the most important variable explaining bacterial richness and community composition locally as well as globally. In contrast, pH effects on fungi appear to be less pronounced, but also less studied. Here we analyze the community responses of bacteria and fungi in parallel over a local extreme pH gradient ranging from 4 to 8. We established the pH gradient by applying strongly alkaline wood ash in dosages of 0, 3, 9, 15, 30, and 90 t ha–1 to replicated plots in a Picea abies plantation and assessed bacterial and fungal community composition using high throughput amplicon sequencing 1 year after ash application. At the same time, the experiment investigated if returning wood ash to plantation forests pose any immediate threats for the microbial communities. Among the measured environmental parameters, pH was by far the major driver of the microbial communities, however, bacterial and fungal communities responded differently to the pH increment. Whereas both bacterial and fungal communities showed directional changes correlated with the wood ash-induced increase in pH, the bacterial community displayed large changes at wood ash dosages of 9 and 15 t ha–1 while only higher dosages (>30 t ha–1) significantly changed the fungal community. The results confirm that fungi are less sensitive to pH changes than bacteria but also that fertilizing plantation forests with wood ash, viewed through the lens of microbial community changes, is a safe management at standard dosages (typically 3 t ha–1).

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“…Biazatti et al (2020) observed a direct influence of soil pH correction on the availability of all nutrients required for production. Johansen et al (2021) observed improved plant growth owing to the combined effect of increased pH and nutrient availability. According to Malavolta et al (1997), the ideal pH range of soils for agriculture is 5.0 to 6.0.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Cultivation of Urochloa brizantha under different soil densities and doses of wood ash

Rocha

Silva

Bonfim-Silva

et al. 2023

Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient.

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Soil compaction is a recurring problem in agriculture that ultimately leads to a reduction in crop productivity. However, the application of agro-industrial residues from the burning of plant biomass can improve the chemical and physical properties of soil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth of Paiaguás grass under different soil densities and wood ash doses. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design, under a 5 × 5 factorial scheme, with five soil compaction values (1.0, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, and 1.8 Mg m-3) and five doses of wood ash (0, 8, 16, 24, and 32 g dm-3), with four replicates. A soil density greater than 1.2 Mg m-3 reduced the dry mass of Paiaguás grass. The wood ash dose of 20.42 g dm-3 led to the highest shoot dry mass. Root growth was highest at a wood ash dose of 16.52 g dm-3.

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The complexity of wood ash fertilization disentangled: Effects on soil pH, nutrient status, plant growth and cadmium accumulation

Cited by 29 publications

References 46 publications

Wood ash as a vegetative-growth promoter in soils with subsurface compaction

Wood ash as a vegetative-growth promoter in soils with subsurface compaction

Bacteria Respond Stronger Than Fungi Across a Steep Wood Ash-Driven pH Gradient

Cultivation of Urochloa brizantha under different soil densities and doses of wood ash

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