The compliance of the porcine pulmonary artery depends on pressure and heart rate

Kornet, Lilian; Jansen, Jos R. C.; Nijenhuis, F. C. A. M. Te; Langewouters, G.J.; Versprille, A.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-7793.1998.917bd.x

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Pressure dependence of vascular compliance agrees with earlier findings on the pulmonary artery (7,16) and the aorta (17,19,22). Several models to describe the relationship between pressure and compliance have been proposed in the literature (16,17,19,22), most of them being exponential. When fitted to the data, the model of Fung (43) showed that the term in the denominator is negligible, and thus the inverse model presented above suffices.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Quantification of right ventricular afterload in patients with and without pulmonary hypertension

Lankhaar

Westerhof

Faes³

et al. 2006

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

277

250

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Right ventricular (RV) afterload is commonly defined as pulmonary vascular resistance, but this does not reflect the afterload to pulsatile flow. The purpose of this study was to quantify RV afterload more completely in patients with and without pulmonary hypertension (PH) using a three-element windkessel model. The model consists of peripheral resistance (R), pulmonary arterial compliance (C), and characteristic impedance (Z). Using pulmonary artery pressure from right-heart catheterization and pulmonary artery flow from MRI velocity quantification, we estimated the windkessel parameters in patients with chronic thromboembolic PH (CTEPH; n = 10) and idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH; n = 9). Patients suspected of PH but in whom PH was not found served as controls (NONPH; n = 10). R and Z were significantly lower and C significantly higher in the NONPH group than in both the CTEPH and IPAH groups (P < 0.001). R and Z were significantly lower in the CTEPH group than in the IPAH group (P < 0.05). The parameters R and C of all patients obeyed the relationship C = 0.75/R (R(2) = 0.77), equivalent to a similar RC time in all patients. Mean pulmonary artery pressure P and C fitted well to C = 69.7/P (i.e., similar pressure dependence in all patients). Our results show that differences in RV afterload among groups with different forms of PH can be quantified with a windkessel model. Furthermore, the data suggest that the RC time and the elastic properties of the large pulmonary arteries remain unchanged in PH.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Quantification of right ventricular afterload in patients with and without pulmonary hypertension

Lankhaar

Westerhof

Faes³

et al. 2006

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

277

250

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“…Another mechanism that may have contributed to the proportionately greater reduction in C PA in healthy controls may be the higher exercise‐induced increase in heart rate. It has been shown for both the systemic and the pulmonary circulation that an increase in heart rate is associated with a reduction in arterial compliance . Thus, the change in C PA during exercise per se cannot be used to distinguish between a normal and abnormal pulmonary vascular reserve.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been shown for both the systemic and the pulmonary circulation that an increase in heart rate is associated with a reduction in arterial compliance. 31,32 Thus, the change in C PA during exercise per se cannot be used to distinguish between a normal and abnormal pulmonary vascular reserve. Nevertheless, whereas controls demonstrated the greatest reductions in C PA during exercise, peak exercise values still remained higher than the resting values in CTEPH and post-PEA patients.…”

Section: Pulmonary Arterial Compliance Decreases During Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary Vascular and Right Ventricular Reserve in Patients With Normalized Resting Hemodynamics After Pulmonary Endarterectomy

Claessen

Gerche

Dymarkowski

et al. 2015

JAHA

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BackgroundPatients with normalized mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) after pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) do not always regain normal exercise capacity. We evaluated right ventricular function, its interaction with both pulsatile and resistive afterload, and the effect of sildenafil during exercise in these patients.Methods and ResultsFourteen healthy controls, 15 CTEPH patients, and 7 patients with normalized resting mPAP (≤25 mm Hg) post‐PEA underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing, followed by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging with simultaneous invasive mPAP measurement during incremental supine cycling exercise. Peak oxygen consumption and peak heart rate were significantly reduced in post‐PEA and CTEPH patients compared to controls. The mPAP–cardiac output slope was steeper in post‐PEA patients than in controls and similar to CTEPH. Relative to controls, resting right ventricular ejection fraction was reduced in CTEPH, but not in post‐PEA patients. In contrast, peak exercise right ventricular ejection fraction was reduced both in post‐PEA and CTEPH patients. Exercise led to reduction of pulmonary arterial compliance in all groups. Nevertheless, resting pulmonary arterial compliance values in CTEPH and post‐PEA patients were even lower than those in controls at peak exercise. In post‐PEA patients, sildenafil did not affect resting hemodynamics nor right ventricular function, but decreased the mPAP/cardiac output slope and increased peak exercise right ventricular ejection fraction.ConclusionsExercise intolerance in post‐PEA patients is explained by abnormal pulmonary vascular reserve and chronotropic incompetence. The mPAP/cardiac output slope and pulmonary arterial compliance are sensitive measures demonstrating abnormal resistive and pulsatile pulmonary vascular function in post‐PEA patients. These abnormalities are partially attenuated with sildenafil.

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“…In a simplified scheme, τ can be considered to be the product of the total vascular resistance ( R P ) and the overall compliance ( C T ) of the arterial tree, the so‐called total arterial compliance. Its applicability and limitations in systemic and pulmonary circuits have been discussed (Kornet et al. 1985, Levy et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smooth muscle role on pulmonary arterial function during acute pulmonary hypertension in sheep

Bia

Armentano

Craiem

et al. 2004

Acta Physiologica Scandinavica

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A pressure rise in the PA, induced by an occlusion maneuver, increased local stiffness. Similar pressure rises with smooth muscle activation (PHE), produced both a stiffness and viscous index increase. In PHE resistance increases more than compliance decreases so that the global net effect is a longer decay time. Smooth-muscle activation enhances the local damping effect (micro/E(pd)), concomitant with the buffering function improvement.

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The compliance of the porcine pulmonary artery depends on pressure and heart rate

Cited by 14 publications

References 33 publications

Quantification of right ventricular afterload in patients with and without pulmonary hypertension

Quantification of right ventricular afterload in patients with and without pulmonary hypertension

Pulmonary Vascular and Right Ventricular Reserve in Patients With Normalized Resting Hemodynamics After Pulmonary Endarterectomy

Smooth muscle role on pulmonary arterial function during acute pulmonary hypertension in sheep

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