The Complication of Hepatic Artery Injuries of 1,304 Percutaneous Transhepatic Biliary Drainage in a Single Institute

Risk Factors for Hemorrhagic Adverse Events in Percutaneous Transhepatic Biliary Drainage: A Prospective Multicenter Study

“…The incidence of hemorrhagic AEs after PTBD in this study was 13.5%, of which 3% required further intervention, similar to the results previously reported in retrospective series (1,2,7,15,19,20). This multicenter and prospective study identified technical and patient factors associated with the development of hemorrhagic AEs after PTBD procedures.…”

“…Hemorrhagic AEs have been attributed to multiple factors, such as hepatic disease (cirrhosis), systemic conditions (eg, coagulopathies), and technical aspects (number of punctures, number of catheters, and lobar side of the drainage) (4)(5)(6). Several sizable retrospective studies (1,2,4,(7)(8)(9) have focused on the diagnostic and therapeutic alternatives to diagnose and manage these hemorrhagic adverse events, making attempts to identify potential risk factors (RFs).…”

Bleeding after Percutaneous Transhepatic Biliary Drainage: Incidence, Causes and Treatments

“…Nonvascular complications of PTBD include pneumothorax, pleural effusion/empyema, biliary leak into the peritoneum and pancreatitis [ 9 ]. The reported rate of significant bleed after PTBD varies from 0.6% [ 10 ] to 12% [ 11 ]. Most large case series report a 2–2.5% significant bleeding rate [ 12 , 13 ].…”

Biliary Cripple and the Spectrum of Complications following Cholecystectomy: A Case Report

“…Substantial arterial bleeding occurring within 1 week after PTBD is primarily due to arteriocholedochal fistula and that occurring after 1 week is due to pseudoaneurysm [ 15 ]. In such a setting, transcatheter arterial embolization is a safe and effective method for treating hepatic arterial injury following PTBD [ 15 , 17 ].…”