The composition of rabbit's milk

Coates, Michael I.; Gregory, Margaret E.; Thompson, S. Y.

doi:10.1079/bjn19640051

Cited by 35 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Also sodium and potassium concentration is high compared to sow milk (Darragh and Moughan, 1998). Since lactose and sodium are two of the main constituents concerned in maintaining the constancy of the osmotic properties of milk it is not surprising that the low level of lactose in rabbit milk is compensated by a sodium concentration higher than in cow milk (Coates et al, 1964). The reduction of milk lactose concentration observed after the lactation peak is clearly associated with a decrease of sodium and a correlative increase of potassium content because of the osmolarity regulation (Gachev, 1971a) As for the major components, mineral composition changes substantially after lactation peak especially when does are concurrently pregnant and a very rapid drying up of their milk yield occurs.…”

Section: Mineral Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The research done by Coates et al (1964) can therefore still be considered as basic information although only 1 or 2 samples per lactation day were analysed. Rabbit milk is richer than cow milk in all the water-soluble vitamins and vitamin A (Coates et al, 1964). The high level of vitamin A in the colostrum (6-7 mg/ml) was confirmed by ElSayiad et al (1994) and also the gradually decreasing levels as the lactation proceeds.…”

Section: Vitamin Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This fits with the function of retinol being important for the kit eye development. Basic level of vitamin D 3 is fairly low in milk (0.6 mg/l or 24 IU/l), but very sensitive to doe circulating vitamin D 3 level, since a single injection of a massive vitamin D 3 dose increases the milk vitamin D 3 for minimum 5 days (Hidiroglou and Williams , 1985) The following levels for biotin (0.45 mg/ml), folic acid (0.30 mg/ml), niacin (4.9 mg/ml), pantothenic acid (14.5 mg/ml), riboflavin (4.6 mg/ml), thiamin (1.6 mg/ml), pyridoxine (B 6 ) (3.6 mg/ml) and B 12 (0.07 mg/ml) were determined on the 18 th day of the lactation (Coates et al, 1964). However, some effects of stage of lactation were observed e.g.…”

Section: Vitamin Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rabbit milk: A review of quantity, quality and non-dietary affecting factors

Maertens¹,

Lebas²,

Szendrő³

2010

World rabbit sci.

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This literature review focuses on the milk yield and milk composition of rabbits and the non-nutritional factors affecting both quantity and quality. Actual highly efficient hybrid does have an average daily milk yield of 250 g or 60 g/kg of live weight during the 4-weeks lactation period. However, compared with cow and sow milk, rabbit's milk is much more concentrated in fat (12.9 g/100 g), protein (12.3 g/100 g) and energy (8.4 MJ/kg) which explains the extremely rapid growth of the young (weight × 6 after 3 weeks). Characteristic of rabbit milk is also the nearly absence of lactose (<2 g/100 g). At peak lactation, protein output per kg metabolic weight (13.4 g/day/kg 0.75 ) exceeds even those of Holstein milk cows. The non-nutritional factors having the largest impact on the milk yield are the number of suckling kits, the parity order (primiparous vs. multiparous) and the gestation overlapping degree (rapid decline after 17-20 days of gestation). However, also through the reduction of feed intake, heat stress has a detrimental impact especially when the night temperature remains above 25°C. Rabbit milk lipids are highly saturated (70.4% SFA) due to the high content of C 8:0 -C 12:0 (50% of total FA) and further characterised by nearly equal quantities of oleic and linoleic acid and an w-6/w-3 ratio around 4. Finally some data about the amino acid, milk proteins including the immmunoglobulins, mineral and vitamin composition are presented.

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Section: Mineral Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vitamin Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vitamin Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rabbit milk: A review of quantity, quality and non-dietary affecting factors

Maertens¹,

Lebas²,

Szendrő³

2010

World rabbit sci.

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“…When delivery was effected, the increase in activity was greater at 33 days than at 29, although the level attained after 48 h did not differ significantly. 4 The increase in activity on delivery is greater in animals of 33 days gestation than in animals of 29 days gestation (P< 0.025). 5 Numbers in parentheses are number of animals/ number of litters.…”

Section: Perinatal Enzyme Activitymentioning

confidence: 97%

“…3 Values are mean±SEM. 4 In animals of 33 days gestation, the mitochondrial activity at 48 h and the change in activity following delivery are greater than the corresponding values in 29-day animals (jfxO.01). 5 Numbers in parentheses are number of animals/number of litters.…”

Section: Perinatal Enzyme Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Perinatal Regulation of Mitochondrial and Cytoplasmic Enzymes in Rabbit Liver

Smith

1970

Pediatr Res

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The control of postnatal development of the activities of cytoplasmic and mitochondrial malate dehydrogenases and of the purely mitochondrial enzyme, cytochrome oxidase, has been studied in rabbit liver. Each of the three enzymes increased 1.6-1.8-fold in activity during the first 2 days of life. Delivery of animals at varying stages of maturation demonstrated (table II) that the increase in all cases occurred when delivery was effected and was a result of some aspect of the process of birth itself.Maturation affects cytoplasmic malate dehydrogenase (MDH) differently than the two mitochondrial enzymes. Cytoplasmic MDH is relatively constant in activity in utero and increases approximately 80% whenever delivery is effected (table II, figure 1). In contrast, both the mitochondrial enzymes decrease 40 % in activity if animals remain in utero beyond normal term. Their increase (20-40%) following premature delivery is considerably smaller than the large (1.5-fold) increase following postmature delivery.Using the artificial feeding procedure developed for this study, newborn animals were maintained for 48 h in an hypoxic environment. Preliminary results suggested that development of enzyme activity was affected by hypoxia. Speculation

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Changes in milk composition during lactation in three species of insectivorous bats

et al. 1995

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Changes in milk composition are described for three species of free-ranging insectivorous bats (Myotis lucifugus, M. velifer, and Tadarida brasiliensis) from early to mid (peak) lactation. Dry matter and energy concentrations in milk increased from early to mid-lactation. In M. lucifugus and T. brasiliensis, but not M. velifer, these increases were due largely to a rise in fat concentration, since protein and carbohydrate remained relatively constant. Energy content of milk (kJ.g-1) for each species from early through mid-lactation was related to dry matter (DM) as follows: M. lucifugus (y = 0.31 DM-0.32, r2 = 0.68), M. velifer (y = 0.48 DM-5.08, r2 = 0.99), and T. brasiliensis (y = 0.37 DM-1.51, r2 = 0.61). Comparison of the effect of sampling method on milk composition of T. brasiliensis indicated that fat, dry matter, and energy concentrations increased significantly from pre-dawn to pre-noon samples. Relatively high fat and low water levels in T. brasiliensis milk may reflect the limited access that lactating females have to free water, as well as need to minimize mass of stored milk during long foraging trips. Conversely, lower fat concentrations and higher water levels in milk in M. lucifugus and M. velifer may relate to the propensity for colonies of these two species to roost and forage near bodies of water. In addition, differences in milk fat concentrations observed among the three species may correlate to daily suckling schedules.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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The composition of rabbit's milk

Cited by 35 publications

References 12 publications

Rabbit milk: A review of quantity, quality and non-dietary affecting factors

Rabbit milk: A review of quantity, quality and non-dietary affecting factors

Perinatal Regulation of Mitochondrial and Cytoplasmic Enzymes in Rabbit Liver

Changes in milk composition during lactation in three species of insectivorous bats

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