The Computations of hostile biases (CHB) model: Grounding hostility biases in a unified cognitive framework

Smeijers, Danique; Bulten, Erik; Brazil, Inti A.

doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2019.101775

Cited by 28 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…Hostile attribution was positively linked to anger but not to reactive aggression. Further links to anger and later stages in the SIP are detailed in S1 Table . Hostility biases, referring to the tendency to attribute hostility in social interactions have been linked to perceptual biases [69] and aggression [70], pointing toward a general hostility bias mechanism Smeijers et al [12]. Our findings support the hypothesized links between hostile attribution and the proposed SIP model core that consists of acquired rules, memory, and social schemas.…”

Section: Are Wm Biases Of Visual Selection Predicted By Self-reported Aggression Trait Anger and Hostile Attribution?supporting

confidence: 82%

“…Our findings support the hypothesized links between hostile attribution and the proposed SIP model core that consists of acquired rules, memory, and social schemas. Within the model proposed by Smeijers et al [12], SIP stages are mapped onto the hierarchical Gaussian filter [71] and tenets of the free-energy principle [72]. In other words, memories, rules, and social schemas form complex blueprints of social interaction, optimized to reduce uncertainty about the world.…”

Section: Are Wm Biases Of Visual Selection Predicted By Self-reported Aggression Trait Anger and Hostile Attribution?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The present research further found significant relationships across variables of interest, good-to-excellent reliability for attentional bias scores, and self-reported measures showed reliability indices comparable to previous studies. Although later stages of the SIP model have typically been investigated using vignettes to illustrate ambiguous social scenarios and questionnaires to assess potential emotional and behavioural responses [12], future studies should seek to reproduce these findings in paradigms with higher ecological validity, i.e. measurement of responses to ongoing provocation.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, if someone spills their drink on you, a hostile attribution could be that the person purposefully tried to harm or embarrass you whereas a nonthreatening attribution would be that it was accidental. These processing deficits are hypothesized to stabilise throughout development to predict a pervasive aggressive response bias [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Working memory guidance of visual attention to threat in offenders

2022

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Aggression and trait anger have been linked to attentional biases toward angry faces and attribution of hostile intent in ambiguous social situations. Memory and emotion play a crucial role in social-cognitive models of aggression but their mechanisms of influence are not fully understood. Combining a memory task and a visual search task, this study investigated the guidance of attention allocation toward naturalistic face targets during visual search by visual working memory (WM) templates in 113 participants who self-reported having served a custodial sentence. Searches were faster when angry faces were held in working memory regardless of the emotional valence of the visual search target. Higher aggression and trait anger predicted increased working memory modulated attentional bias. These results are consistent with the Social-Information Processing model, demonstrating that internal representations bias attention allocation to threat and that the bias is linked to aggression and trait anger.

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Section: Are Wm Biases Of Visual Selection Predicted By Self-reported Aggression Trait Anger and Hostile Attribution?supporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Are Wm Biases Of Visual Selection Predicted By Self-reported Aggression Trait Anger and Hostile Attribution?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Working memory guidance of visual attention to threat in offenders

2022

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“…If the individual has learned that this can be achieved through inappropriate use of aggression and/or antisocial behavior, cognitive distortions may strengthen or maintain such maladaptive tendencies to protect the self-image[ 14 , 47 ]. Also, the more persistent such distortions are, the more difficult adjusting maladaptive tendencies will be (see[ 48 ]). The current findings are also in line with other studies showing different patterns of associations between distinct types of cognitive distortions and subtypes of aggression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validity and reliability of the Dutch version of the displaced aggression questionnaire

Smeijers¹,

Denson²,

Bulten³

et al. 2021

WJP

Self Cite

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BACKGROUND Displaced aggression occurs when a person encounters a provoking situation, is unable or unwilling to retaliate against the original provocateur, and subsequently aggresses against a target that is not the source of the initial provocation. The displaced aggression questionnaire (DAQ) was developed to measure individual differences in the tendency to displace aggression. AIM To develop a Dutch version of the DAQ and examine relationships between the DAQ and novel individual differences. METHODS The Dutch version of the DAQ was created using a back-translation procedure. Undergraduate students ( n = 413) participated in the current study. The questionnaires were administered online. RESULTS The results confirmed the original three-factor structure and showed good reliability and validity. We also found differential relationships between trait displaced aggression, social anxiety and cognitive distortions. CONCLUSION The results may indicate that distinct patterns exist in the development of the different dimensions of trait displaced aggression. This study adds to the growing cross-cultural literature showing the robustness of trait displaced aggression in several different cultures.

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Mediating effects of impulsivity and alexithymia in the association between traumatic brain injury and aggression in incarcerated males

Jansen

2023

Aggressive Behavior

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Studies suggest both alexithymia and impulsivity (partially) explain aggressive behavior in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients, but none of these studies use both questionnaire and performance‐based measures as recommended, nor simultaneously investigate both impulsivity and alexithymia. The available studies therefore likely miss part of the constructs of alexithymia and impulsivity, and do not comprehensively assess the mediating effects of both constructs in the relationship between TBI and aggression. A sample of N = 281 incarcerated individuals were recruited from Dutch penitentiary institutions, and completed the Buss Perry Aggression Questionnaire (aggression), BIS‐11 (impulsivity) and Toronto Alexithymia Scale‐20 (alexithymia) questionnaires, as well as a stop‐signal task and an emotion recognition paradigm. Several multiple mediation analyses were conducted using structural equation modelling, to assess the viability of a causal theoretical model of aggression. The final planned models were the original models with a good fit with the data (comparative fit index > 0.95, root mean square error of approximation and Standardized root mean square residual < 0.05), and results indicate that only questionnaire‐based impulsivity mediated the relationship between TBI and aggression. TBI was unrelated to alexithymia, stop‐signal or emotion recognition performance. Aggression was predicted by both alexithymia and impulsivity, but not by the performance measures. Post hoc analyses shows that alexithymia moderates the relationship between impulsivity and aggression. These results imply that aggressive incarcerated individuals showing impulsive behavior should be screened for TBI, since TBI is often overlooked or misdiagnosed, and indicate that both impulsivity and alexithymia are potential focus points for aggression reduction treatment in TBI patients.

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The Computations of hostile biases (CHB) model: Grounding hostility biases in a unified cognitive framework

Cited by 28 publications

References 106 publications

Working memory guidance of visual attention to threat in offenders

Working memory guidance of visual attention to threat in offenders

Validity and reliability of the Dutch version of the displaced aggression questionnaire

Mediating effects of impulsivity and alexithymia in the association between traumatic brain injury and aggression in incarcerated males

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