The Concept, Project and Current Status of Virtual Power Plant: A Review

Zhang, Jiatong

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/2152/1/012059

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Issues with network congestion are caused by the grid's failure to respond quickly to problems. Supply and demand imbalances tend to be expensive for utility firms due to communication challenges [1] [2] [3]. The need for individuals (households) to comprehend energy usage and to make the most financially prudent consumption decisions, as well as the inability of the existing grid to incorporate new emerging technologies like renewable energy, all contribute to the problem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual power plant challenges, opportunities and targets analysis in the current electricity markets

Ullah,

Arshad,

Nikahi

2023

2023 5th Global Power, Energy and Communication Conference (GPECOM)

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Virtual power plants (VPPs) are becoming more popular worldwide due to their diversified characteristics, the potential to provide energy flexibility, durability, and smarter electrical grid system, as well as economic benefits. Despite its significance, VPP currently has a very limited presence in the energy markets. A lack of systematic assessment of the multiple factors has been identified as the main reason for VPP's limited admittance into the energy markets. This necessitates research initiatives that consider superior approaches and frameworks for the sustainable future of VPPs. A novel multi-aspect framework (MAF) is proposed in this study to examine objectively multi-dimensional aspects. A STEEP (social, technological, environmental, economic, and political) analysis tool is used to assess the challenges, opportunities, and benefits of VPP in the energy market. The approach outlines the essential factors and actions needed to address the challenges of VPP admittance in the energy markets. This study demonstrated that there is still more work to be done to support the fast and widescale adoption of sustainable VPP applications. For this reason, a more favourable policy and regulatory framework based on social, technological, economic, environmental, and policy considerations are necessary to realize the genuine contributions of a VPP.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual power plant challenges, opportunities and targets analysis in the current electricity markets

Ullah,

Arshad,

Nikahi

2023

2023 5th Global Power, Energy and Communication Conference (GPECOM)

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“…VPP functionality can be classified into two categories: commercial VPP (CVPP) and technical VPP (TVPP). These two entities work in collaboration to ensure that the VPP operates optimally (Koza & Öztürk, 2021;Zhang, 2022). A CVPP is concerned with the quantity of energy it can deliver to the electricity markets, as well as the prices associated with that energy, in order to maximize its profitability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Operational Planning and Design of Market-Based Virtual Power Plant with High Penetration of Renewable Energy Sources

Ullah

Baseer

2022

Int. J. Renew. Energy Dev.

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Renewable energy sources are becoming more prevalent as a source of clean energy, and their integration into the power industry is speeding up. The fundamental reason for this is the growing global concern about climate change. However, the weather-dependent and uncertain nature of renewable generation raise questions about grid security particularly, when photovoltaics (PVs) and wind turbines (WTs) technologies are used. The incorporation of energy storage systems (ESS) in a virtual power plant (VPP) environment could compensate for the renewable generation's uncertainty. Where a VPP is a new concept that combines dispatchable and non-dispatchable energy sources, electrical loads, and energy storage units, enabling individual energy producers to participate in the electricity market. In this study, a market-based-VPP’s operational planning and design model is presented to assess the optimal active power dispatch of (WT, PV, and ESS) operating in the day-ahead electricity market to maximize social welfare (SW) considering the uncertainties associated with wind speed, solar irritation, and load demand. The Scenario-tree technique is applied to model the uncertainties of renewable energy sources and load demand. The proposed model performance is validated by simulation studies on a 16-bus UK generic distribution system (UKGDS). According to the simulation results, renewable energy sources and energy storage systems dispatched optimally active power to satisfy the load demand in the most efficient way possible.

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“…However, integrating RESs such as (WTs and PVs) into the power market has been recognized as one of the potential problems facing utility grids. PV and WT inconsistent generation leads to commercial and technical problems such as voltage violation, power market commitment, unit commitment, and spinning reserves, all of which contribute to operational instability of the power system [6][7][8][9][10][11]. Therefore, to address these challenges, system operators must consider developing innovative approaches and models to manage the inherent unpredictability that comes with WT and PV technologies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling, Optimization, and Analysis of a Virtual Power Plant Demand Response Mechanism for the Internal Electricity Market Considering the Uncertainty of Renewable Energy Sources

Ullah¹,

Ali

Hassanin

2022

Energies

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The penetration of renewable energy sources (RESs) in the electrical power system has increased significantly over the past years due to increasing global concern about climate change. However, integrating RESs into the power market is highly problematic. The output of RESs such as wind turbines (WTs) and photovoltaics (PVs) is highly uncertain. Their correlation with load demand is not always guaranteed, which compromises system reliability. Distributed energy resources (DERs), especially demand response (DR) programs and energy storage systems (ESSs), are possible options to overcome these operational challenges under the virtual power plant (VPP) setting. This study investigates the impact of using a DR program and battery energy storage system (BESS) on the VPP’s internal electricity market, and also cost-minimization analysis from a utility viewpoint. Three different constrained optimal power flow (OPF) problems are solved such as base case, DR case, and BESS case to determine total incurred costs, locational marginal prices (LMPs), and generator commitments. A scenario tree approach is used to model the uncertainties associated with WTs, PVs, and load demand. The proposed model is investigated on a 14-bus distribution system. The simulation results obtained demonstrate a favorable impact of DR and a BESS on renewable operational challenges.

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The Concept, Project and Current Status of Virtual Power Plant: A Review

Cited by 12 publications

References 29 publications

Virtual power plant challenges, opportunities and targets analysis in the current electricity markets

Virtual power plant challenges, opportunities and targets analysis in the current electricity markets

Operational Planning and Design of Market-Based Virtual Power Plant with High Penetration of Renewable Energy Sources

Modeling, Optimization, and Analysis of a Virtual Power Plant Demand Response Mechanism for the Internal Electricity Market Considering the Uncertainty of Renewable Energy Sources

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