The Conceptual Bases of the Scientific Direction “Technosphere Safety”

Abstract

The paper is dedicated to the analysis of the conceptual foundation of the research area “Technosphere Safety”. It analyzes the conditions under which the ideas were formed in the Soviet past and the circumstances of their convergence with the field investigating the issues of hazards and threats. The authors conclude that the current situation in exploring the problems of safety relates to concrete historic dependence of renovation processes taking place in the post-Soviet scientific space. The evolution of the system of scientific knowledge connected with the integral research area called Life Safety (LS) is studied separately. This study shows that the conceptual grounds of the research area “Technosphere Safety” lie at the confluence of diverse trends and attitudes towards technical reality, qualitative rethinking of the nature of hazards and risks of technogenic society, and some attempts to renovate the system of training safety experts. This combination has brought about many contradictions and problems in today’s condition of the theoretical foundation of technosphere safety issue

Assessment of occupational risk of enterprises producing energy using sources of ionizing radiation

“…Calculate the allowable length of service in these conditions (T1), also taking into account 1 mSv per year, received as «population»: (8) This calculation allows us to find out the estimated allowable length of service (in our case, it is 22.5 years) after which we need to transfer a person to a safe job to reduce the risk to their health. But at the same time, it is necessary to understand that this calculation is approximate, with a number of assumptions that can significantly affect the result of calculating the allowable length of service and, accordingly, requires more detailed study.…”

“…[2,3] In recent years, the concept of occupational risk has been introduced with the transition of the occupational health and safety management system to risk management. [4][5][6][7][8] This raises the question of developing risk assessment methods. However, due to the specific impact of radiation on humans, the calculation of occupational risk for employees of enterprises using radiation sources is very different from the standard approaches to such calculations at other facilities.…”

Improvement of the methodology for calculating damage from possible radiation accidents applicable in energy engineering

“…All this ultimately affects the safety of the object and helps to reserve the necessary funds for the elimination of the consequences of the accident. [2][3][4][5][6][7]…”