The concordance of Chlamydia trachomatis genital infection between sexual partners, in the era of nucleic acid testing

Markos, A R

doi:10.1071/sh04030

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Young age was a risk factor for concordant infection in both partners [25]. A smaller NAAT- and STD clinic-based study of 106 partnerships found 76% infection concordance [26]. A small contact-tracing study in Boston selected partnerships in which it was reasonable to infer the direction of transmission, in this case from men to women.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Immunity toChlamydia trachomatisGenital Infection: Evidence from Human Studies

Batteiger¹,

Xu²,

Johnson³

et al. 2010

J INFECT DIS

132

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Background Some screening and treatment programs implemented to control genital Chlamydia trachomatis infections and their complications have shown initial reductions in infection prevalence followed by rises to pre-program levels or higher. One hypothesis is that treatment shortens duration of infection, attenuates development of protective immunity and thereby increases risk of re-infection. Methods A literature review was undertaken to assess evidence supporting the concept of protective immunity, its characteristics and its laboratory correlates in human chlamydial infection. The discussion is organized around key questions formulated in preparation for the Chlamydia Immunology and Control Expert Advisory Meeting held by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in April, 2008. Results Definitive human studies are not available, but cross-sectional studies show chlamydia prevalence, organism load and concordance rates in couples decrease with age, and organism load is lower in those with repeat infections, supporting the concept of protective immunity. The protection appears partial and can be overcome upon re-exposure, similar to what is found in rodent models of genital infection. No data are available to define the duration of infection required to confer a degree of immunity or the time course of immunity following resolution of untreated infection. In longitudinal studies of African sex workers, a group presumed to have frequent and ongoing exposure to chlamydial infection, interferon gamma production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in response to chlamydial heat shock protein 60 was associated with low risk of incident infection. In cross-sectional studies, relevant Th1 type responses are found in infected persons, paralleling the studies in animal models. Conclusions The data support the concept that some degree of protective immunity against re-infection develops following human genital infection, although it appears at best partial. It is likely that factors besides population levels of immunity contribute to trends in prevalence observed in screening and treatment programs. Future studies of protective immunity in humans will require longitudinal follow-up of individuals and populations, frequent biological and behavioral sampling and special cohorts to help control for exposure.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Immunity toChlamydia trachomatisGenital Infection: Evidence from Human Studies

Batteiger¹,

Xu²,

Johnson³

et al. 2010

J INFECT DIS

132

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show abstract

“…When culture methods were used to diagnose chlamydia, the concordant infection rate was 24% for female index cases and 46% for male index cases; this difference was statistically significant 5. A retrospective case note review in a clinic using nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) to diagnose chlamydia quoted a concordant infection rate of 76%, with no significant difference between the proportion of positive male and female contacts 4. Quinn et al detected chlamydia in 68% of sexual partners of infected individuals, with no significant difference between male-to-female and female-to-male transmission frequencies 9.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Not all these chlamydia contacts will test positive for chlamydia. Results from previous studies looking at concordant infection rates for chlamydia between sexual partners have been variable, ranging from 24% to 76% 4 5…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for chlamydial infection in chlamydia contacts: a questionnaire-based study

Schembri

Schober

2011

J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care

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Background and methodology Treatment of individuals with chlamydial infection and their sexual partners is an important aspect of reproductive health care. Partners of infected individuals are currently offered 'epidemiological treatment', which means that they are offered antibiotic treatment at their fi rst visit without waiting for the result of their chlamydia test. We carried out a study to identify the risk factors for chlamydial infection in partners of infected individuals. Individuals attending a genitourinary clinic as chlamydia contacts were identifi ed and asked to complete a questionnaire about their relationship with the index case and their prior sexual history. The result of their chlamydia test was then analysed against those variables. Results A total of 115 chlamydia contacts were analysed in this study; 60 (52%) were found to be positive for chlamydial infection. In a multivariate analysis, young age, more than one episode of sexual intercourse with the infected partner and a greater total number of sexual partners were associated with a positive chlamydia result. A prediction model for chlamydial infection using these risk factors had a discriminatory ability quantifi ed by an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.76 (95% CI 0.66-0.85). Discussion and conclusions The risk factors identifi ed can be used when discussing epidemiological treatment with individuals who attend sexual health services as chlamydia contacts, or to target clinic resources to a higherrisk group. Larger studies will be necessary to assess the benefi ts and risks of changing to a policy of offering epidemiologic treatment to 'high-risk' contacts only, identifi ed using a predictive model such as the one described here.

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“…Involvement of all pelvis organs into the pathological process with high degree of probability of the adhesive changes that require the adequate correction and rehabilitation therapy is typical for the "silent" inflammatory genital organ diseases. PID is a general problem related to a wide range of disorders of female reproductive and sexual health caused by both a list of the reasons for their appearance and formation of a spectrum of complications, even after the therapy delivery [4,19].…”

Section: Etiological Factors Of Inflammatory Process Of Reproductive mentioning

confidence: 99%

Problem of urogenital mixed infections in reproductive aged women in current gynecology

Bysaha¹,

Korchynska²

2019

Reproductive Endocrinology

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The concordance of Chlamydia trachomatis genital infection between sexual partners, in the era of nucleic acid testing

Abstract: The concordance of C. trachomatis between sexual partners is in the region of 75%. This strengthens the case for epidemiological treatment for all consorts.

Cited by 16 publications

References 4 publications

Protective Immunity toChlamydia trachomatisGenital Infection: Evidence from Human Studies

Protective Immunity toChlamydia trachomatisGenital Infection: Evidence from Human Studies

Risk factors for chlamydial infection in chlamydia contacts: a questionnaire-based study

Problem of urogenital mixed infections in reproductive aged women in current gynecology

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