The concurrent prevalence of chloramphenicol-sensitive and multidrug-resistant <i>Salmonella typhi</i> in Vellore, S. India

Mv, Jesudason; John, Rebecca; John, Thomas

doi:10.1017/s095026880005247x

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The discrepancy is also not due to resistance to the antibiotics used. Despite multidrug resistance of S. enterica serovar Typhi in some Asian countries (12,20), in our study all strains remained sensitive to chloramphenicol; resistance to ampicillin-amoxicillin or cotrimoxazole was present in 12.8% of the strains. Thus, the situation in the Semarang area in this respect has not changed between 1992 (11) and 1997, the year of the present study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 49%

Persistence of Salmonellae in Blood and Bone Marrow: Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Ciprofloxacin and Chloramphenicol Treatments against Enteric Fever

Gasem

Keuter

Dolmans

et al. 2003

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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We performed a randomized controlled trial involving 55 adult patients with enteric fever to compare ciprofloxacin and chloramphenicol. Blood and bone marrow cultures and cytokine profiles during therapy were done to compare the clinical and bacteriological efficacies of these drugs. All patients were randomly assigned to receive chloramphenicol (500 mg four times a day orally) for 14 days or ciprofloxacin (500 mg twice a day orally) for 7 days. In each treatment group, patients were subsequently randomized to have blood and bone marrow cultured after either 3 or 5 days of treatment. Twenty-seven patients received chloramphenicol, and 28 received ciprofloxacin. The two groups were similar in terms of baseline characteristics. No significant differences in clinical cure and time to defervescence were found. All strains isolated were susceptible to both antibiotics. Although ciprofloxacin was more effective in the elimination of Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi and Paratyphi A from bone marrow than chloramphenicol, there was still an impressive persistence of Salmonella in the bone marrow culture (67%). In the ciprofloxacin-treated patients the suppressed cytokine production capacity showed a trend to normalize earlier than in patients treated with chloramphenicol.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 49%

Persistence of Salmonellae in Blood and Bone Marrow: Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Ciprofloxacin and Chloramphenicol Treatments against Enteric Fever

Gasem

Keuter

Dolmans

et al. 2003

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…Table 1. Antimicrobial susceptibility to chloramphenicol, ampicillin and trimethoprim Antimicrobial drugs used for the treatment of typhoid fever are increasingly being used in the treatment of other diseases, leading to problems with antibiotic resistance due to acquisition by S. Typhi of resistance-encoding plasmids from other infectious bacteria [31]. Several reports have been published highlighting increased MIC of ciprofloxacin in S. Typhi in different parts of the world, including India, therefore resulting in treatment failures [32,33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Re-emergence of susceptibility to conventionally used drugs among strains of Salmonella Typhi in central west India

Kumar

Sharma

Mani

2011

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Typhoid fever (enteric fever) is a global health problem causing high morbidity and mortality, especially in endemic areas such as India. The problem is exacerbated as the causative agent, Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi), rapidly develops resistance to drugs used in treatment. However, non-responsiveness of S. Typhi to quinolones has been reported simultaneously with the re-emergence of susceptibility to chloramphenicol. The present study investigates the re-emergence of sensitivity to conventionally used drugs among strains of S. Typhi in the central west part of India. Methodology: We evaluated 128 S. Typhi isolates received at the National Salmonella and Escherichia Centre for chloramphenicol, ampicillin and trimethoprim susceptibility using standard methods. Minimum inhibitory concentrations were also evaluated. Results: The proportion of S. Typhi isolates showing susceptibility to chloramphenicol, ampicillin, and trimethoprim was 95.3%, 94.5%, and 94.5%, respectively. These findings may help the health authorities in reconsidering the addition of these antimicrobial drugs into the treatment regime of typhoid fever and therefore may help combat the problem of increasing resistance to quinolones and cephalosporins. Conclusion: The changing trends of S. Typhi resistance patterns necessitate reconsideration of conventionally used drugs in typhoid fever treatment in India. In the present study, S. Typhi strains exhibited increased susceptibility toward chloramphenicol, ampicillin and trimethoprim, therefore suggesting the possibility of their use for treatment of typhoid fever.

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“…The final therapy was by third generation cephalosporin's (ceftriaxone) and with fluoroquinolones. After a week the patient recovered and the organism was completely eradicated and no relapse occurred [10,11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case Report "Typhoid Resistant to Chloramphenicol"

Zafar¹,

Asim²,

Ahsan³

et al. 2017

J Integr Oncol

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Typhoid fever is an infection caused by a strain of bacteria called Salmonella typhi, which is related to the bacteria that causes salmonella food poisoning. The infection can affect the whole body and damage multiple organs. Unless treated, this infection can have life threatening consequences. A 20 year old girl was examined suffering from high fever from one week and abdominal pain for few days. The patient had suffered from typhoid fever last year. Ultra-sonogram of abdominal, hematology-cell analysis, serology (widal test), urine analysis and blood culture were performed for accurate diagnosis. Ultra-sonogram shows multiple organ infection by Salmonella typhi. Hematological analysis shows the elevated level of t-lymphocytes and anemia. In widal test, patient serum was agglutinated with the bacterial antigen i.e. lipopolysaccharide and flagellar proteins. The typhidot test was positive for IgG. The patient was diagnosed with typhoid fever. Patient possesses multi drug resistance and the rational treatment was with ceftriaxone for one week and patient recovered.

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The concurrent prevalence of chloramphenicol-sensitive and multidrug-resistant Salmonella typhi in Vellore, S. India

Cited by 19 publications

References 6 publications

Persistence of Salmonellae in Blood and Bone Marrow: Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Ciprofloxacin and Chloramphenicol Treatments against Enteric Fever

Persistence of Salmonellae in Blood and Bone Marrow: Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Ciprofloxacin and Chloramphenicol Treatments against Enteric Fever

Re-emergence of susceptibility to conventionally used drugs among strains of Salmonella Typhi in central west India

A Case Report "Typhoid Resistant to Chloramphenicol"

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