The conditions occurring in vivo when brushing with toothpastes

Duke, Suzanne; Forward, G.C.

doi:10.1038/sj.bdj.4804743

Cited by 68 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Toothpastes contain 20-50% abrasive, but during use the abrasive concentration in the intra-oral slurry falls to about one fifth of this during the initial phase of brushing and to less than one tenth as brushing proceeds [Duke and Forward, 1982]. The 2.5% silica slurry used here therefore simulates intra-oral abrasive concentrations during brushing with a low-abrasive toothpaste.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study of Wear of Enamel Induced by Alternating and Simultaneous Combinations of Abrasion and Erosion in vitro

Eisenburger

Shellis²,

Addy³

2003

Caries Res

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Two types of interaction of erosive and abrasive forces with human enamel were analysed in an in vitro study. To simulate toothbrushing or chewing after an acidic challenge, enamel specimens were eroded in 0.3% citric acid (pH 3.2), then brushed with or without silica abrasive. To simulate simultaneous erosion and abrasion, as would occur during chewing of abrasive acidic food, enamel specimens were abraded in a toothbrushing machine, with and without silica abrasive, while immersed in citric acid. Enamel wear was measured by profilometry. In both experiments the combination of erosion and abrasion resulted in significantly greater wear than erosion alone, but no significant differences in wear after brushing with or without abrasive were found. Simultaneous erosion and abrasion resulted in about 50% more wear than alternating erosion and abrasion. It is concluded that softened enamel is highly unstable and potentially easily removed by short and relatively gentle physical action. Chewing of acidic foods with some abrasive properties might cause enhanced tooth wear.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study of Wear of Enamel Induced by Alternating and Simultaneous Combinations of Abrasion and Erosion in vitro

Eisenburger

Shellis²,

Addy³

2003

Caries Res

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…At each erosion/abrasion session, triplicates were subjected to 40 brushing strokes each, based on a previous study [Attin et al, 1998]. Moreover, the 1:3 dilution of toothpastes is similar to that achieved during intraoral use [Duke and Forward, 1982].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An in situ Investigation into the Abrasion of Eroded Dental Hard Tissues by a Whitening Dentifrice

Turssi

Faraoni²,

Rodrigues³

et al. 2004

Caries Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This crossover study aimed to investigate abrasion of previously eroded hard dental tissues by a whitening dentifrice compared to a regular dentifrice. After a 3-day lead-in period, 14 volunteers were randomly assigned to use one of the toothpastes while wearing a removable appliance, containing 3 enamel and 3 root dentine slabs on each side. On the first day salivary pellicle was allowed to form. Twice daily for the following 3 days, one side of each appliance was immersed in an acidic carbonated drink ex vivo while the other side remained unexposed. Specimens were then brushed with the allocated dentifrice. After a 3-day washout period, new sets of enamel and dentine slabs were mounted in the appliances and the participants commenced period 2 using the alternative toothpaste. Acid-treated specimens always showed more wear than untreated specimens. The whitening dentifrice did not significantly increase the wear of softened enamel compared with the regular dentifrice. Brushing with the whitening toothpaste led to significantly greater wear of sound enamel and of both eroded and sound dentine than the regular dentifrice. The results suggest that whitening dentifrices may not increase the wear of acid-softened enamel but may have a more deleterious effect on dentine than regular toothpastes.

show abstract

“…In the clinical situation, the toothpaste is diluted considerably [Duke and Forward, 1982;Engel-Brill et al, 1996], depending on salivary secretion and brushing duration. Thus, in the present study one part of toothpaste was made up in three parts (1: 3) of stimulated human saliva to obtain a homogeneous slurry (25%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profilometric and Microradiographic Studies on the Effects of Toothpaste and Acidic Gel Abrasivity on Sound and Demineralized Bovine Dental Enamel

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The objective of this study was to assess the abrasive effects of toothpastes and acidic F gels on sound and demineralized enamel. Pairs of enamel specimens were cut from bovine incisors, embedded in epoxy resin and polished. An artificial subsurface lesion of 80–90 µm depth was created in one specimen from each pair. The samples were covered with adhesive tape, thereby exposing the enamel for abrasivity testing. All samples were divided into six groups of 15 and brushed with a slurry (1:3) of F gel or toothpaste and human saliva. Brushing with water (control) or with slurry was carried out (16,000 strokes) using a medium toothbrush (load 275 g) mounted in a brushing machine. Abrasion was evaluated using laser profilometry, and was about 50% less on sound than on demineralized enamel (p < 0.001). In the latter, brushing with water (0.09 ± 0.03 µm) or with fluoride-free gel (0.08 ± 0.03 µm) resulted in negligible wear. With a medium-abrasive paste (1.76 ± 0.85 µm) and an acidic F gel (2.48 ± 0.72 µm), brushing abrasion was significantly greater (p < 0.001) than with a low-abrasive paste (0.84 ± 0.38 µm). The greatest wear (16.6 ± 10.8 µm) was observed with high-abrasive paste (p < 0.001), and here transversal microradiography revealed a complete loss of the pseudointact surface after brushing. In vitro formed caries-like lesions can be abraded (by toothbrushing) more easily than sound enamel; hence, initial white spot lesions should preferably be brushed with oral hygiene products of low abrasivity.

show abstract

The conditions occurring in vivo when brushing with toothpastes

Cited by 68 publications

References 0 publications

Comparative Study of Wear of Enamel Induced by Alternating and Simultaneous Combinations of Abrasion and Erosion in vitro

Comparative Study of Wear of Enamel Induced by Alternating and Simultaneous Combinations of Abrasion and Erosion in vitro

An in situ Investigation into the Abrasion of Eroded Dental Hard Tissues by a Whitening Dentifrice

Profilometric and Microradiographic Studies on the Effects of Toothpaste and Acidic Gel Abrasivity on Sound and Demineralized Bovine Dental Enamel

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About