The confining color field in SU(3) gauge theory

Abstract

We extend a previous numerical study of SU(3) Yang-Mills theory in which we measured the spatial distribution of all components of the color fields surrounding a static quark-antiquark pair and provided evidence that the simulated gauge invariant chromoelectric field can be separated into a Coulomb-like 'perturbative' field and a 'nonperturbative' confining field. In this paper we hypothesize that the fluctuating color fields not measured in our simulations do not contribute to the string tension. Under this assumption the string tension is determined by the color fields we measure, which form a field strength tensor pointing in a single direction in color space. We call this the 'Maxwell picture of confinement'. We provide an additional procedure to isolate the confining field. We then extract the string tension from a stress energy-momentum tensor having the Maxwell form, constructed from the simulated non-perturbative part of the field strength tensor. To test our hypothesis we calculate the string tension for values of the quark-antiquark separation ranging from 0.37 fm to 1.2 fm. We also calculate the spatial distributions of the energy-momentum tensor surrounding static quarks for this range of separations, and we compare with the distributions obtained from direct simulations of the energy-momentum tensor.

Setting the string shoving picture in a new frame

“…iii) Lattice QCD: lattice calculations are natural tools to solve infrared problems, and several groups have presented studies of flux tubes using different methods; for some recent analyses see refs. [46][47][48][49][68][69][70]. Such analyses are, however, not without problems.…”

“…refs. [47,68,69]. In most analyses the electric field is fitted using Clem's ansatz [71] for the condensate (the order parameter) ψ ∝ f e −iφ , where…”

Effective String Description of the Confining Flux Tube at Finite Temperature

“…This logarithmic growth, which is commonly referred to as the "delocalization" of the flux tube was discussed for the first time many years ago by Lüscher, Münster and Weisz in [19] but it required several years of efforts before it could be observed in lattice simulations. The first numerical results were obtained in abelian models [94][95][96][97][98][99][100] where, thanks to duality, simulations can be performed more easily and later the flux tube width was studied also in non abelian LGTs [87,88,[101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111].…”

“…LGT for which it can be shown, using a duality transformation, that confinement is indeed due to the condensation of monopoles [156]. The remarkable success of this approach led to conjecture that a similar mechanism could drive confinement also in non-Abelian Yang-Mills theories [105][106][107][108][109][110][111].…”

String shoving effects on jets in p-p collisions

“…Further work on to implement string interactions in Angantyr has been done in [4], where each string evolves into flux tubes that have been rendered with a Gaussian colour electric field E ( ⊥ ) inspired by lattice calculations [5,6], given by:…”