The Conflict of Homonyms in English

Menner, Robert J.

doi:10.2307/409150

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The former achieves clarification by changing the spelling of the original word, while the latter replaces the original word with another existing word. This is not a unique situation, as noted by Menner (1936).…”

Section: Word Form Changes Caused By Homonymsmentioning

confidence: 87%

The universality of differentiation of word form and the theory of differentiation of Chinese characters

Zhu

2024

Journal of Chinese Writing Systems

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The differentiation of word form or character is a universal phenomenon in language and writing systems, resulting from the evolution of the relationship between word sound and meaning. Polysemy, homonymy, and heteronymy are three basic causes of this phenomenon, which can be observed across all world languages and writing systems. The principle of Chinese character differentiation is also a manifestation of this universal law of word form differentiation. However, it is important to note that differentiation of cognate and non-cognate words occurs at the level of language, while character differentiation occurs at the level of the writing system. In the Chinese language, the monosyllabic nature of roots and the characteristics of Chinese character design based on meaning interact to determine the relationship between words and their graphic forms. The differentiation of monosyllabic words, including Jiajie (borrowing) and Tongxing (homophony) in archaic Chinese, is the fundamental driving force behind the differentiation of Chinese characters. Sound change and word form change are both markers used to distinguish words, but their effects are not equal. The differentiation of Chinese characters not only reflects the differentiation of words but also consolidates the results of the differentiation. In this interactive process, the Chinese language and writing system have evolved to become increasingly compatible and accurate.

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Section: Word Form Changes Caused By Homonymsmentioning

confidence: 87%

The universality of differentiation of word form and the theory of differentiation of Chinese characters

Zhu

2024

Journal of Chinese Writing Systems

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“…The CAPP model takes a bottom-up approach in the articulation of 33 symptoms of psychopathy that have been canvassed through the theoretical and empirical literatures of the construct, as well as through considerable clinical experience (Cooke et al, 2012). The overall body of information was translated into trait-descriptive adjectives rooted in the lexical hypothesis, which proposes that the frequent use of particular adjectives indicate that they represent salient psychological phenomena (Menner, 1936; Saucier & Goldberg, 2001), and, therefore, symptoms were specified in the natural language of trait-descriptive adjectives. For the most part, this method was chosen because by relying on natural language elements for symptom definitions, cross-language and cross-cultural translation would be more straightforward and directly applicable.…”

Section: Comprehensive Assessment Of Psychopathic Personalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing and validating a Chinese version of the Comprehensive Assessment of Psychopathic Personality–Self-Report.

Shou¹,

Sellbom²,

Wang³

2021

Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment

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Studies have shown that previous psychopathy models may only address limited aspects of interpersonal and emotional deficits when being applied to the Chinese cultural context. Understanding cultural differences in the manifestation of the psychopathic personality requires a more comprehensive conceptual map that allows for examination of more detailed or nuanced aspects of psychopathy. The present study aimed to apply the Comprehensive Assessment of Psychopathic Personality (CAPP) framework to the Chinese cultural context and developed a Chinese version of the Self-Report Inventory of CAPP (CAPP-SR). An initial pool of 231 items was developed in Study 1, and then was tested and validated in 2 large community-based samples reported in Study 2 (N = 478) and Study 3 (N = 450). The Chinese version of the CAPP-SR was developed based on item response theory and content evaluation, with the aim of maximizing the psychometric quality, comprehensiveness, and similarity of scales with the standard CAPP-SR that was developed in English-speaking samples. The Chinese version of the CAPP-SR showed promising psychometric properties, with convergent validity that was similar to that demonstrated in English-speaking samples. The results also highlighted that the CAPP-SR can address the aforementioned issue in earlier psychopathy measures by covering various symptoms of emotional and interpersonal deficits. Furthermore, the results revealed that the associations among the various interpersonal and emotional deficits may differ between Chinese and Western populations. The CAPP-SR allows for future research that will deepen our understanding of the links among characteristics of psychopathy for Chinese populations.

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