The Connection of Local Retinal Detachment in the Macular Area With the Fossa of the Optic Disc. Differential Diagnosis (Clinical Case)

Abstract

Relevance. The optic nerve pit is a congenital disease manifested by a depression in the disc of the optic nerve, which affects about 0.9% of the population. Complications occur in 25–75% of patients and may include retinal detachment. The causes of detachment remain unclear, but two theories of the occurrence of this complication have been put forward. Fluorescence angiography and optical coherence tomography are used for diagnosis. The treatment of retinal detachment in ONDP is not standardized and includes laser treatment, vitrectomy and other methods for fluid drainage. It is important to differentiate ONDP from other causes of central retinal detachment.Objective. Based on a clinical case, to demonstrate an approach to the diagnosis and treatment of local retinal detachment in the macular area associated with the fossa of the optic disc.Materials and methods. This article presents a clinical case of retinal detachment in the macular area associated with the fossa of the optic disc. Results and discussions. When comparing two clinical cases, the similarity of the ophthalmoscopic picture and the differences in the OCT and FAG images were revealed.Conclusions. The accumulation of fluid under the neuroepithelium is not a pathognomic sign, therefore it is important to carry out differential diagnosis in central serous retinal detachment associated with the fossa of the optic disc.