The Consequences of Disdainful Hook-Ups for Later Egalitarian Relationships of Girls

Abstract

Introduction: There is extensive research about the consequences that toxic relationships with dominant masculinities have on different areas of women’s lives, including how they can influence future relationships they establish. Some of these women reproduce toxic relationships with dominant masculinities in their following relationships, and some women start to establish sexual-affective relationships with non-dominant masculinity models. However, less is known about the specific consequences in non-dominant masculinities who establish relationships with women who have not overcome the false memory of excitement regarding their toxic relationships. Methodology: In order to shed light on the consequences for non-dominant masculinities, eight communicative interviews were conducted with four women and four men. Results: The main findings indicate that those female participants who have kept an exciting memory of toxic relationships, when in an equal relationship, have attitudes of disdain towards non-dominant masculinities. They may ridicule them, not value their personal or intellectual abilities, talk down to them, and even negatively value their sexual aptitudes. Discussion: The application of the previous literature to our results leads to establishing the work on memories of relationships that have led to socialization in violent relationships as a preventive approach. Conclusion: The previously mentioned attitudes could generate health problems for non-dominant masculinities engaged in these relationships.

Consent? At the Start, You Do Not Even Think About It. Coercive Discourse in the Awakening of Affective–Sexual Relationships in Young Women

“…Coercive discourse in peer interactions fosters attraction to violence (Puigvert et al, 2019; Ruiz-Eugenio et al, 2020; Torras-Gómez et al, 2019), promoting relationships with dominant masculine models (Duque et al, 2022; Flecha et al, 2013; Puigvert et al, 2019; Rodrigues-Mello et al, 2021; Ruiz-Eugenio et al, 2020). These violent relationships can have consequences on health and work, among other elements, as identified in previous studies (Duque et al, 2020; Hawks et al, 2019; López de Aguileta, 2021; Miller, 2017; Puigvert-Mallar et al, 2022). Coercive discourse also generates a lack of consent in the affective–sexual relationships of young women (Beres et al, 2014; Burkett & Hamilton, 2012; Flecha et al, 2020, Hawks et al, 2019; Shumlich & Fisher, 2018).…”

“…The research was conducted following communicative methodology (Gómez, 2021; Redondo-Sama et al, 2020; Soler & Gómez, 2020; Sordé Martí et al, 2020), which is especially relevant in research on gender issues and gender violence (Melgar Alcantud et al, 2021). Previous research has been conducted successfully with this methodology, for example, studies on gender violence at universities (Valls et al, 2016), women’s sexual relationship preferences (Ruiz-Eugenio et al, 2020), and the consequences of disdainful hookups (toxic relationships or hook-ups in which women suffered different types of violence, domination, abuse or contempt) in relation to subsequent relationships (López de Aguileta et al, 2021). This methodology establishes an egalitarian dialogue between researchers and participants, allowing in-depth discussion of sensitive issues, such as gender violence, in a secure environment (Valls-Carol, 2014).…”

Couple-Specific Dependency Scale in Spanish adolescents and invariance by gender and relationship status (Escala de dependencia específica de la pareja en adolescentes españoles e invarianza por género y estatus de las relaciones)

“…A possible explanation has to do with the creation of memories of isolated moments (positive or negative) that could influence their responses when asking about a past relationship. For example, in abused women, results show that they retain ‘positive moments’ that make them attach to negative relations in the future (López De Aguileta et al, 2021).…”

“…Una explicación posible se relaciona con la creación de recuerdos de momentos aislados (positivos o negativos) que podrían tener influencia en sus respuestas cuando se les pregunta por una relación pasada. Por ejemplo, los resultados con mujeres que han sufrido abusos muestran que conservan ‘momentos positivos’ que las hace involucrarse en relaciones negativas en el futuro (López De Aguileta et al, 2021).…”

“…Nota: χ 2 = Chi cuadrado; CFI = índice de ajuste comparativo; CI = intervalo de confianza; df = grados de libertad; RMSEA= Error de aproximación de media cuadrática o negativos) que podrían tener influencia en sus respuestas cuando se les pregunta por una relación pasada. Por ejemplo, los resultados con mujeres que han sufrido abusos muestran que conservan 'momentos positivos' que las hace involucrarse en relaciones negativas en el futuro (López De Aguileta et al, 2021). El tamaño de la muestra es suficiente para realizar los análisis, pero podría ser interesante reproducir los resultados con otras muestras.…”