The considerable environmental benefits of seaweed aquaculture in China

Zheng, Yuhan; Jin, Runjie; Zhang, Xiujuan; Wang, Qiuxuan; Wu, Jiaping

doi:10.1007/s00477-019-01685-z

Cited by 87 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Since then, kelp aquaculture has provided considerable environmental and ecosystem functioning benefits. Zheng et al (2019) estimated that in 2015, the cultivated S. japonica and U. pinnatifida in China removed c. 5.75 9 10 4 tonnes of nitrogen and c. 7.57 9 10 3 tonnes of phosphate from coastal waters, sequestrated c. 4.27 9 10 5 tonnes of carbon, assimilated c. 1.57 9 10 6 tonnes of CO 2 , released c. 1.14 9 10 6 tonnes of O 2 into coastal waters and produced c. 5.17 9 10 6 tonnes of iodine, which each accounted for 76-79% of the total amount produced by a total of seven cultivated seaweeds. Based on the carbon tax (e.g.…”

Section: An Overview Of Kelp Aquaculture Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kelp aquaculture in China: a retrospective and future prospects

Shan

Zhang

et al. 2021

Reviews in Aquaculture

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Globally, China has the largest scale of kelp cultivation and production operations. However, its kelp aquaculture industry is suffering from declining germplasm diversity, degradation of agronomic traits, the presence of polluted environments, changing ocean conditions and increasing anthropological interference. This review covers two of the most commercially important kelp species in China, viz. Saccharina japonica and Undaria pinnatifida. It summarizes the history of their cultivation, production, economic and ecological benefits, their breeding programmes (e.g. inter-and intra-specific hybridization and marker-assisted selection) and efforts towards population genetic diversity and conservation. The article focuses on three significant challenges, for example genetic crosscontamination between the wild and farmed kelp populations, ocean warming and ocean acidification. Accordingly, we outline the steps required to provide several intervention measures, for example (i) collection and preservation of wild and cultivated kelp germplasm; (ii) selection of suitable cultivation sites under changing environmental conditions; (iii) developing stress-resistant cultivars; and finally, (iv) adoption of innovative cultivation models. The review concludes with genome-based, designs for molecular breeding and calls for the establishment of an East Asian Kelp Consortium (EAKC). Collectively, the Chinese kelp industry could provide beneficial goods and services, for example bioenergy to fine chemicals and environmental benefits, such as carbon capture, pH amelioration and provision of habitat for many other marine species of commercial value. The strategies proposed in this article thus have the potential to not only improve but also reinvigorate the kelp industry in China and nearby Japan and Korea, in the context of both environmental health and economic benefits.

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Section: An Overview Of Kelp Aquaculture Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kelp aquaculture in China: a retrospective and future prospects

Shan

Zhang

et al. 2021

Reviews in Aquaculture

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“…This technique has the advantages of not competing for arable land (the problem of onshore aquaculture) and being protected by the land from mechanical aggression and damage provoked by sea agitation, sea storms and currents (the main problem of the offshore aquaculture) [ 313 ]. This technique has the advantage of facilitating the bioremediation of the river basins that are anthropogenically polluted with nutrients derived mainly from agriculture activity [ 313 ]. In addition, when compared to the inshore and onshore cultivation it is less costly and labor intensive [ 293 ].…”

Section: Seaweed Aquaculture: Global Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, when compared to the inshore and onshore cultivation it is less costly and labor intensive [ 293 ]. This method is considered a derivative from the offshore cultivation technique, due to being inserted in aquatic systems [ 313 ]. Even though it is near the land, there is low interaction with it; the land is normally used as protection and land base for equipment.…”

Section: Seaweed Aquaculture: Global Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In IMTA systems, the animal’s (e.g., fish or mollusk) nutrient output, which is rich in dissolved ammonia and phosphate, is incorporated into the water, converting these compounds into a valuable biomass while stabilizing the levels of oxygen, pH and CO 2 [ 47 , 104 , 172 , 313 , 316 , 317 , 318 ] . There are some studies about the effects of the effluents of fish production on the growth of seaweed.…”

Section: Seaweed Aquaculture: Global Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Evolution Road of Seaweed Aquaculture: Cultivation Technologies and the Industry 4.0

García-Poza

Leandro

Cotas

et al. 2020

IJERPH

162

108

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Seaweeds (marine macroalgae) are autotrophic organisms capable of producing many compounds of interest. For a long time, seaweeds have been seen as a great nutritional resource, primarily in Asian countries to later gain importance in Europe and South America, as well as in North America and Australia. It has been reported that edible seaweeds are rich in proteins, lipids and dietary fibers. Moreover, they have plenty of bioactive molecules that can be applied in nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and cosmetic areas. There are historical registers of harvest and cultivation of seaweeds but with the increment of the studies of seaweeds and their valuable compounds, their aquaculture has increased. The methodology of cultivation varies from onshore to offshore. Seaweeds can also be part of integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA), which has great opportunities but is also very challenging to the farmers. This multidisciplinary field applied to the seaweed aquaculture is very promising to improve the methods and techniques; this area is developed under the denominated industry 4.0.

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“…Its annual farming production has reached over 1 million tons, providing raw materials for the food and pharmaceutical industries [ 13 , 14 ]. In addition, cultivated S. japonica has brought considerable environmental benefits by removing nitrogen and phosphate, sequestrating carbon and releasing O 2 [ 15 ]. S. japonica belongs to the Laminariales order, and the sexes of its haploid gametophytes are also determined by a UV sexual system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential gene expression patterns during gametophyte development provide insights into sex differentiation in the dioicous kelp Saccharina japonica

Zhang

Li²,

Luo³

et al. 2021

BMC Plant Biol

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Background In brown algae, dioicy is the prevalent sexual system, and phenotypic differences between male and female gametophytes have been found in many dioicous species. Saccharina japonica show remarkable sexual dimorphism in gametophytes before gametogenesis. A higher level of phenotypic differentiation was also found in female and male gametes after gametogenesis. However, the patterns of differential gene expression throughout gametophyte development and how these changes might relate to sex-specific fitness at the gamete stage in S. japonica are not well known. Results In this study, differences in gene expression between male and female gametophytes in different developmental stages were investigated using comparative transcriptome analysis. Among the 20,151 genes expressed in the haploid gametophyte generation, 37.53% were sex-biased. The abundance of sex-biased genes in mature gametophytes was much higher than that in immature gametophytes, and more male-biased than female-biased genes were observed in the mature stage. The predicted functions of most sex-biased genes were closely related to the sex-specific characteristics of gametes, including cell wall biosynthesis, sperm motility, and sperm and egg recognition. In addition, 51 genes were specifically expressed in males in both stages, showing great potential as candidate male sex-determining region (SDR) genes. Conclusions This study describes a thorough investigation into differential gene expression between male and female gametophytes in the dioicous kelp S. japonica. A large number of sex-biased genes in mature gametophytes may be associated with the divergence of phenotypic traits and physiological functions between female gametes (eggs) and male gametes (sperm) during sexual differentiation. These genes may mainly come from new sex-biased genes that have recently evolved in the S. japonica lineage. The duplication of sex-biased genes was detected, which may increase the number of sex-biased genes after gametogenesis in S. japonica to some extent. The excess of male-biased genes over female-biased genes in the mature stage may reflect the different levels of sexual selection across sexes. This study deepens our understanding of the regulation of sex development and differentiation in the dioicous kelp S. japonica.

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The considerable environmental benefits of seaweed aquaculture in China

Cited by 87 publications

References 38 publications

Kelp aquaculture in China: a retrospective and future prospects

Kelp aquaculture in China: a retrospective and future prospects

The Evolution Road of Seaweed Aquaculture: Cultivation Technologies and the Industry 4.0

Differential gene expression patterns during gametophyte development provide insights into sex differentiation in the dioicous kelp Saccharina japonica

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