The Consolidation and Transformation of Memory

Dudai, Yadin; Karni, Avi; Born, Jan

doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2015.09.004

Cited by 566 publications

(560 citation statements)

References 175 publications

(222 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

487

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Support for this model comes primarily from studies of declarative memory, but other memory domains such as those involved in skill learning are also thought to operate similarly (reviewed in Dudai et al 2015). The administration of tDCS may enhance consolidation at both of these stages.…”

Section: Neurobiology Of Consolidation and Tdcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Protocols to Promote Long-Term Learning

Karsten

Buschkuehl

et al. 2017

J Cogn Enhanc

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a form of non-invasive brain stimulation that has the potential to induce polarity-specific changes in neural activity within targeted brain regions. There is growing interest in the use of this technology for the enhancement of higher cognitive functions, and application of tDCS directly before or concomitant with task performance has shown promise in modulating a range of behavioral outcomes, including motor skill acquisition, working memory performance, and implicit and explicit learning. The proposed mechanism for the observed enhancements is a temporary and targeted shift in the excitability of the cortical regions that subserve the relevant tasks, lasting from minutes up to about an hour after cessation of stimulation. Although empirical work does support at least a partial role for this mechanism, an arguably more potent but relatively underexplored phenomenon is thought to occur in the hours or days after stimulation-that is, a facilitation of consolidative processes. Here, we review the literature describing the nature of tDCS-enhanced consolidation and argue that some of the mixed results among the single-session studies that currently dominate the extant literature may be explained by a failure to take advantage of these potentially powerful offline effects. Accordingly, we further contend that the full potential of tDCS cannot be truly realized without a longitudinal design which allows for tDCS to act directly upon learning by promoting consolidation between sessions. Finally, we review preliminary evidence that these consolidation effects can be even further enhanced via strategically spaced out stimulation sessions, which take advantage of a long-held tenet in the literature that distributed learning produces better outcomes than massed learning. We conclude by proposing potential study designs to encourage the use of tDCS as more than merely a method to promote temporary enhancement, but also a technique to enhance long-term learning.

show abstract

Section: Neurobiology Of Consolidation and Tdcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Protocols to Promote Long-Term Learning

Karsten

Buschkuehl

et al. 2017

J Cogn Enhanc

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…40,41 As a first step in establishing a simple model system suitable for investigating interactions between sleep deprivation and memory formation, we investigated whether sleep deprivation adversely affected the induction of LTM in Aplysia. Animals were sleep deprived using periodic context changes and tactile stimulation for the last 9 h of the night (ZT 15-ZT 24), trained using the LFI paradigm for 25 min at ZT 1 (1 h after lights on) and tested for LTM 24 h after training.…”

Section: Sleep Deprivation Blocks the Induction Of Ltmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…40,53 However, recall of memory can be affected by external factors. To determine whether sleep deprivation affected the recall of memory independently of interference with molecular consolidation of LFI memory, animals were trained early in the day at ZT 1, sleep deprived for the last 9 h of the night (ZT 15-ZT 24), and then tested 1 h following sleep deprivation at ZT 1 the next day.…”

Section: Sleep Deprivation Does Not Affect Memory Recallmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Sleep Deprivation Blocks Short- and Long-Term Operant Memory inAplysia

Krishnan

Gandour

Ramos

et al. 2016

Sleep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Study Objectives: Insufficient sleep in individuals appears increasingly common due to the demands of modern work schedules and technology use. Consequently, there is a growing need to understand the interactions between sleep deprivation and memory. The current study determined the effects of acute sleep deprivation on short and long-term associative memory using the marine mollusk Aplysia californica, a relatively simple model system well known for studies of learning and memory. Methods: Aplysia were sleep deprived for 9 hours using context changes and tactile stimulation either prior to or after training for the operant learning paradigm, learning that food is inedible (LFI). The effects of sleep deprivation on short-term (STM) and long-term memory (LTM) were assessed. Results: Acute sleep deprivation prior to LFI training impaired the induction of STM and LTM with persistent effects lasting at least 24 h. Sleep deprivation immediately after training blocked the consolidation of LTM. However, sleep deprivation following the period of molecular consolidation did not affect memory recall. Memory impairments were independent of handling-induced stress, as daytime handled control animals demonstrated no memory deficits. Additional training immediately after sleep deprivation failed to rescue the induction of memory, but additional training alleviated the persistent impairment in memory induction when training occurred 24 h following sleep deprivation. Conclusions: Acute sleep deprivation inhibited the induction and consolidation, but not the recall of memory. These behavioral studies establish Aplysia as an effective model system for studying the interactions between sleep and memory formation.

show abstract

“…At the synaptic level, consolidation represents the stabilization of information after its encoding in long-term memory, in specifi c synaptic and cellular nodes in the neural circuit that encode memory, which can be considered part of systemic consolidation (Dudai, 2012;Dudai, Karni, & Born, 2015;Izquierdo & Medina, 1997). In this review, we will focus on memory consolidation in systems (i.e., the reorganization of information after its encoding in representations distributed in longterm memory neural circuits; Dudai et al, 2015).…”

Section: The Return Of Retroactive Interference As a Possible Explanamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The permanent consolidation of a memory could indicate that this information is no longer susceptible to any factor that could have previously disrupted it. However, this view has been challenged by recent studies suggesting that the reactivation of once -consolidated information tends to cause these memories to become labile (i.e., they are once again susceptible to changes and subject to transformations and adaptations, a process called memory reconsolidation; Dudai, 2004Dudai, , 2012Dudai et al, 2015;Gisquet-Verrier et al, 2015).…”

Section: The Return Of Retroactive Interference As a Possible Explanamentioning

confidence: 99%

Retroactive Interference: Forgetting as an Interruption of Memory Consolidation

Alves¹,

Bueno²

2017

Temas Psicol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although experimenting with forgetting is complex, forgetting is not only a condition experienced by individuals every day but also an extremely important concept in memory science. Some theories that attempt to defi ne the science of forgetting are presented in this study; however, we have focused here on the theory of interference, retroactive interference (RI) in particular. RI is the interference that occurs when a task or piece of information is inserted between the presentation of target information and its subsequent recall. Although RI can be explained as competition between items, some have now proposed that it results from the interruption of the process of memory consolidation, through which information become stable; neural processes following the initial recording of information contribute to the defi nitive-or, at least, longer lasting-record of this information. RI disrupts post-learning processes, resulting in the loss of these materials. This study proposes a deeper investigation of RI and memory consolidation to obtain a better understanding of this important concept, seeking to deepen knowledge of this hypothesis and other possible causes of forgetting.Keywords: Forgetting, long-term memory, interference theory, memory consolidation. Interferência Retroativa: O Esquecimento como uma Interrupção na Consolidação da MemóriaResumo O esquecimento é uma condição vivenciada diariamente pelos indivíduos e um conceito de extrema importância para a ciência da memória, apesar de sua experimentação ser complexa. Algumas teorias que tentam defi nir a ciência do esquecimento são apresentadas neste estudo, todavia, aqui focamos na Teoria da Interferência, principalmente na Interferência Retroativa (IR). A IR é a interferência que ocorre quando uma informação ou tarefa é inserida entre a apresentação de uma informação-alvo e sua posterior recordação. A IR pode ser explicada como uma competição de itens, mas atualmente surge a proposta que ela seja fruto da interrupção de um outro processo, chamado de Consolidação da Memória. A consolidação da memória é o processo através do qual as informações tornam-se estáveis, a partir de processos neurais posteriores ao registro inicial de uma informação que contribuem para o registro defi nitivo -ou, ao menos, mais duradouro -desta informação. A IR perturbaria estes processos posteriores à aprendizagem, resultando na perda destes materiais. O presente estudo visa propor a possibilidade 1 Mailing address: Rua Botucatu, 862, Vila Clementino. São Paulo, SP, Brazil 04023062. Phone: (11) 21490155.

show abstract

The Consolidation and Transformation of Memory

Cited by 566 publications

References 175 publications

Optimizing Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Protocols to Promote Long-Term Learning

Optimizing Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Protocols to Promote Long-Term Learning

Acute Sleep Deprivation Blocks Short- and Long-Term Operant Memory inAplysia

Retroactive Interference: Forgetting as an Interruption of Memory Consolidation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About