The construction of computerized classification systems using machine learning algorithms: An overview

McKenzie, Dean Philip; Low, Lee Hun

doi:10.1016/0747-5632(92)90001-u

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…We used the CART (Classification and Regression Trees) non-parametric procedure (Breiman et al, 1993;Efron and Tibshirani, 1991) of statistical decision-making that hierarchically splits data into progressively smaller turning points. Unlike single change-point tests (Siegel and Castellan, 1988), CART identifies several such points, building trees by recursive statistical decisions (McKenzie and Low, 1992). The result is a hierarchical structure in which each discontinuity reveals a transition within the time trend.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Textual fingerprints of risk of war

Hogenraad

Garagozov²

2013

Literary and Linguistic Computing

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We compute the rate of textual signals of risk of war recognizable in series of consecutive political speeches about a disputed issue serious enough to entail an international conflict. The speeches concern Iran's nuclear program. We trace textual signals forewarning of risks of war that reactions to this affair lead to. The thrust of the textual analysis rests on the interplay of affiliation and power words in continuous texts, following D. C. McClelland's model for anticipating wars. The speeches are those of Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, US Secretary of State Hillary R. Clinton, Iranian Grand Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu. Prefiguring a military confrontation before it occurs involves structuring information from unstructured data. Despite such imperfect knowledge, by the end of January 2012, our results show a receding risk of war on the Iranian side, but an increasing risk on the American one, while remaining ambiguous on the Israeli one.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Textual fingerprints of risk of war

Hogenraad

Garagozov²

2013

Literary and Linguistic Computing

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“…the subjects were dichotomously divided into aggressive and nonaggressive. The tree generation procedure is halted when the chi-squared value for the contingency table between the categories of the predictor (correlates of aggressive behavior) and outcome (aggressive behavior) is no longer significant (McKenzie & Low, 1992). Categories that are similar with regard to frequencies on the outcome variable, assessed using the chi-square test, are merged together and the significance level is adjusted for the number of such comparisons (Kass, 1980;McKenzieet al, 1993;McKenzie & Low, 1992).…”

Section: Comparison Of Aggressive and Nonaggressive Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The tree generation procedure is halted when the chi-squared value for the contingency table between the categories of the predictor (correlates of aggressive behavior) and outcome (aggressive behavior) is no longer significant (McKenzie & Low, 1992). Categories that are similar with regard to frequencies on the outcome variable, assessed using the chi-square test, are merged together and the significance level is adjusted for the number of such comparisons (Kass, 1980;McKenzieet al, 1993;McKenzie & Low, 1992). In the case of the RAGE, a dimensional outcome variable, a similar tree-building algorithm known as extended automatic interaction detection (XAID) (Angoss Software International, 1994;Biggs et al, 1991) was employed.…”

Section: Comparison Of Aggressive and Nonaggressive Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Aggressive Subjects in Australian (Melbourne) Nursing Homes

Shah

Chiu

Ames

et al. 2000

Int. Psychogeriatr.

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Background: Aggressive behavior is common in nursing homes for the elderly. It causes distress to carers and can lead to hospitalization, overmedication, and physical restraint. Method: A 6-month prospective study examining the characteristics of aggressive subjects in 11 nursing homes in Melbourne using validated, reliable instruments. Results: During the study, 121 and 143 subjects were rated aggressive on the Rating Scale for Aggressive Behavior in the Elderly and the Staff Observation Aggression Scale, respectively. Aggressive behavior was associated with younger age, men, subsequent mortality, and prescription of psychotropic drugs including neuroleptics, antidepressants, and benzodiazepines. Conclusions: Educational programs in the use of psychotropic drugs directed at staff involved in the care of nursing home residents may be of value because these drugs have modest efficacy, have significant side effects, and may simply sedate the patient rather than treat aggressive behavior.

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“…Several implementations of CHArD are available [8]. A commercial version known as Knowledge SEEKER (KS) [7,12,28] was selected for its ease of use 1.…”

Section: Chaid Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With regards to the extraction of classification and diagnostic rules from datasets, discussions of various parametric and non parametric methods are available [6][7][8]. Diagnostic decision trees are generally considered to be easier for clinicians to grasp than systems based on discriminant functions [9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constructing a Minimal Diagnostic Decision Tree

McKenzie¹,

McGorry²,

Wallace³

et al. 1993

Methods Inf Med

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Abstract:Classification trees and discriminant function analysis were employed in order to ascertain whether a small number of diagnostic decision rules could be extracted from a large inventory of items. Several models, involving up to 17 symptoms, that led to a broad psychiatric diagnosis were then tested on a small validation sample of 53 patients. All methods, with the exception of CART used without any pruning, generated identical trees involving four items. Almost 90% of the validation sample was able to be correctly classified by all methods although poor classification performance was noted in the case of one particular diagnosis, Schizoaffective Psychosis. In contrast, stepwise linear discriminant analysis originally selected 17 items, although three out of the first four items selected were identical to those chosen by the tree-building methods. Although more research is required, there are indications that the latter methods may be usefully employed in constructing parsimonious decision trees.

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The construction of computerized classification systems using machine learning algorithms: An overview

Cited by 14 publications

References 39 publications

Textual fingerprints of risk of war

Textual fingerprints of risk of war

Characteristics of Aggressive Subjects in Australian (Melbourne) Nursing Homes

Constructing a Minimal Diagnostic Decision Tree

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