The Contact Hypothesis Revisited

Paluck, Elizabeth Levy; Green, Seth; Green, Donald P.

doi:10.2139/ssrn.2973474

Cited by 27 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The effect of reporting and publication bias on the effect size estimate is of particular concern in meta-analyses, as such analyses rely substantially on published literature to estimate the overall effect size. Even when meta-analysts make efforts to access unpublished literature, the total number of unpublished studies available to include in the analysis can remain small (e.g., Bornstein et al, 2017; Paluck, Green, & Green, 2017). The published literature tends to overrepresent statistically significant findings (e.g., Rotton, Foos, Van Meek, & Levitt, 1995), which in turn can inflate the effect size estimates calculated through meta-analysis (Kotiaho & Tomkins, 2002).…”

Section: Validity and Reliability Of Meta-analytic Estimatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A meta-analysis of the emotional victim effect for female adult rape complainants: Does complainant distress influence credibility?

Nitschke¹,

McKimmie²,

Vanman³

2019

Psychological Bulletin

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Rape cases have a disproportionately high attrition rate and low conviction rate compared to other criminal offenses. Evaluations of a rape complainant's credibility often determine whether a case progresses through the criminal justice system. Even though emotional demeanor is not related to witness honesty or accuracy, distressed rape complainants are perceived to be more credible than complainants who present with controlled affect. To understand the extent and robustness of the influence of emotional demeanor on credibility judgments of female adult rape complainants, we conducted a systematic review, metaanalysis and p-curve analysis of the experimental simulated decision-making literature on the influence of complainant emotional demeanor on complainant credibility. The meta-analysis included 20 studies with participants who were criminal justice professionals (e.g., police officers and judges), community members, and mock jurors (N = 3128). Results suggest that distressed demeanor significantly increased perceptions of complainant credibility, with a small to moderate effect size estimate. Importantly, the results of p-curve analysis suggest that reporting bias is not a likely explanation for the effect of emotional demeanor on rape complainant credibility. Sample type (whether perceivers were criminal justice professionals or prospective jurors) and stimulus modality (whether perceivers read about or watched the complainant recount the alleged rape) were not found to moderate the effect size estimate.These results suggest that effective methods of reducing reliance on emotional demeanor to make credibility judgments about rape complainants should be investigated to make credibility assessments fairer and more accurate.

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Section: Validity and Reliability Of Meta-analytic Estimatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A meta-analysis of the emotional victim effect for female adult rape complainants: Does complainant distress influence credibility?

Nitschke¹,

McKimmie²,

Vanman³

2019

Psychological Bulletin

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“…Thus, contact would promote tolerance and acceptance between different social groups. However, meta-analyses developed by Pettrigrew and Tropp (2006), recently updated by Paluck et al (2017), of more than 500 studies on this theoretical perspective found out that intergroup contact typically leads to positive outcomes, such as prejudice and discrimination decrease, even in the absence of the Allport’s proposed conditions. Concerning the generalizability of the intergroup contact hypothesis in the realm of diseases and disabilities that are easily recognized by the social context, recent studies provide evidence that the social contact by children, adolescents, and adults with diseases such as paraplegia, Down’s syndrome, etc.…”

Section: Prejudice Towards People With Vitiligomentioning

confidence: 99%

The white human stain: Assessing prejudice towards people with Vitiligo.

Bu¹,

Pereira²,

Roberto³

et al. 2024

Stigma and Health

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Prejudice against people with Vitiligo is pervasive across societies. However, little attention has been given to measuring individual differences on the way that it is expressed. To overcome this gap, we developed and validated the Scale of Prejudice towards People with Vitiligo (SPV) throughout six online studies. Studies 1a and 1b (N = 136) addressed the development of the SPV's items, their content and semantic validity. Study 2 (N = 121) showed that its nine items are organized into three correlated factors (cognitive, behavioral, and affective) with high internal consistency. Studies 3a and 3b (N = 386) confirmed this factor's structure using confirmatory factor analysis, and explored the convergent-discriminant validity of the instrument. Study 4 (N = 417) replicated these findings and demonstrated the SPV's configural, metric, and scalar invariance between two experimentally manipulated target-groups: Black person with Vitiligo versus White person with Vitiligo. Results also showed experimental criterion validity, in that participants scored higher on SPV in the Black (vs. White) Vitiligo condition. Furthermore, results revealed that the higher the social contact with people with Vitiligo, the lower the prejudice expressed towards this population. When combined, these findings are the first to document the correlational and experimental evidence of a measure of prejudice towards individuals with Vitiligo.

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“…This work has directly addressed the issue of causality by evaluating the effect of quasi-experimental changes in integration on social and cultural attitudes. See among others, Van Laar et al (2005), Boisjoly et al (2006), Corno et al (2019), Mark and Harris (2012), Carrell et al (2018), Dahl et al (2018) and Paluck et al (2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Professional Interactions and Hiring Decisions: Evidence from the Federal Judiciary

Battaglini¹,

Harris²,

Patacchini³

2020

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We examine the effect of hearing cases alongside female judicial colleagues on the probability that a federal judge hires a female law clerk. Federal judges are assigned to cases and to judicial panels at random and have few limitations on their choices of law clerks: these two features make the federal court system a unique environment in which to study the effect of professional interactions and beliefs in organizations. We constructed a unique dataset by aggregating federal case records from 2007-2017 to collect information on federal judicial panels, and by merging this data with judicial hiring information from the Judicial Yellow Book, a directory of federal judges and clerks. We find that a one standard deviation increase in the fraction of co-panelists who are female increases a judge's likelihood of hiring a female clerk by 4 percentage points. This finding suggests that increases in the diversity of the upper rungs of a profession can shift attitudes in a way that creates opportunities at the entry level of a profession.

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The Contact Hypothesis Revisited

Cited by 27 publications

References 54 publications

A meta-analysis of the emotional victim effect for female adult rape complainants: Does complainant distress influence credibility?

A meta-analysis of the emotional victim effect for female adult rape complainants: Does complainant distress influence credibility?

The white human stain: Assessing prejudice towards people with Vitiligo.

Professional Interactions and Hiring Decisions: Evidence from the Federal Judiciary

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