The Content of the Secondary Metabolite and Anti-Oxidant of Various Onion and its Effects on the Growth Performance and Blood Profile of Broiler Chickens

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the contents of food substances, total flavonoid active compounds, and antioxidant activity as a substitute for synthetic antibiotic feed additives given to broiler chickens. This study was conducted using a laboratory experiment using garlic peel powder as a material, an active substance content test using a quantitative flavonoid test, and antioxidant activity. Additionally, onion peels are used as a feed additive for broiler chickens to evaluate production performance and blood profile. The material used was 189 one-day-old commercial broiler chickens (unsexing). This study consisted of 9 treatments and 3 tests. The treatment used was T0(-): basal diet, T0(+): basal diet + antibiotic (zinc bacitracin 0.10%), T1: basal diet + 0.50 % garlic peel, T2: basal diet + 0.50 % shallot peel, T3: basal diet + 0.50 % onion peel, T4: basal diet + 0.25 % garlic peel and 0.25% shallot peel, T5: basal diet + 0.25 % garlic peel + 0,25% onion peel, T6: basal diet + 0.25% shallot peel + 0.25% onion peel, T7: basal diet + 0.17% garlic peel + 0.17% shallot peel + 0.17% onion peel. The variables studied were production appearance (feed consumption, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, production index) and blood profile (haemoglobin, haematocrit, erythrocytes, leukocytes). The experimental design used a Complete Randomized Design, and the research data were analysed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), if a significantly different result is obtained, it is continued with Duncan's Multiple Range Test. The results showed no significant effect of treatment (P>0.05) on production appearance (feed consumption, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, production index) and blood profile (haemoglobin, haematocrit, erythrocytes, leukocytes. Although the addition of garlic peel powder, shallot peel, and onion peel powder can be used as a feed additive, these three ingredients can improve the immune system in broiler chickens.