The Context and Strategies for Tissue Culture of Date, African Oil and Coconut Palms

Krikorian, A. D.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-1321-2_10

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…The wide diversity of cell types within proembryogenic calluses, from degenerating ones to proembryonic clusters, may be partly induced by unadapted culture medium composition. This aspect, as well as the influence of the genotype on proembryo formation, undoubtedly deserves to be further investigated considering the efforts needed for improving the process in other species (Tisserat, 1987;Krikorian, 1989;Rival, 2000). In the given experimental conditions, our histological observations support the unicellular origin of somatic embryos obtained for the two species.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…However, on C. subinermis and C. merrillii, just as for C. manan (Goh et al, 1999) and similarly to Benbadis' observation on date palm (personal communication), picloram was more efficient than 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), the most commonly used auxin for inducing somatic embryogenesis in palms although at much higher concentrations (Reynolds and Murashige, 1979;Tisserat, 1987;Krikorian, 1989). The range of picloram concentrations tested did not have any significant effect on callus formation among explants of the same origin, consistent with other reports (Verdeil et al, 1994;Goh et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…Histological observations confirmed that soon embryogenic calluses or proembryogenic masses can be distinguished from nonembryogenic ones based on their external aspects (Krikorian, 1989). The wide diversity of cell types within proembryogenic calluses, from degenerating ones to proembryonic clusters, may be partly induced by unadapted culture medium composition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…The protocols applied for inducing somatic embryogenesis from organized tissues via callus formation are very similar to the procedures used for various species (Krikorian, 1989), especially with regard to exogenous auxin exposure (Brackpool et al, 1986;Thorpe, 1995). However, on C. subinermis and C. merrillii, just as for C. manan (Goh et al, 1999) and similarly to Benbadis' observation on date palm (personal communication), picloram was more efficient than 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), the most commonly used auxin for inducing somatic embryogenesis in palms although at much higher concentrations (Reynolds and Murashige, 1979;Tisserat, 1987;Krikorian, 1989).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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In vitro somatic embryogenesis in two major rattan species: Calamus merrillii and Calamus subinermis

Goh¹,

Bon²,

Aliotti

et al. 2001

In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Plant

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Occurrence of somatic embryogenesis in in vitro cultures of Calamus merrillii and Calamus subinermis, two major largecaned rattan species, was scientifically demonstrated for the first time. Tissue responsiveness varied markedly according to the species and the type of primary explants used when initiated on 10.4±31.2 mM picloram-enriched Murashige and Skoog callus induction media. In C. merrillii, within 6 wk after inoculation, 84% of the leaf and 90% of the zygotic embryo explants produced friable embryogenic calluses, by contrast with those formed by 74% of the root explants. In C. subinermis, callogenesis was observed only 6 mo. after inoculation in 68% of root and 48% of zygotic explants. Leaf explants did not respond at all. Only root-derived calluses developed into nodular embryogenic structures. Irrespective of these initial differences, the further steps of the somatic embryogenesis developmental pattern was similar for both species. Histological analyses established that callus formation took place in the perivascular zones, and could give rise to embryogenic isolated cells from which the proembryos were derived. Reducing the picloram concentration stimulated the maturation process resulting ultimately in the germination of somatic embryos that exhibited bipolar development, despite an apparent lack of starch and protein reserves. The somatic embryo-derived plantlets of C. merrillii, overall more prone to somatic embryogenesis than C. subinermis in the given conditions, were successfully acclimatized to outdoor conditions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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In vitro somatic embryogenesis in two major rattan species: Calamus merrillii and Calamus subinermis

Goh¹,

Bon²,

Aliotti

et al. 2001

In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Plant

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“…-the exploitation of the variability existing among the tenera hybrids by cloning elite individuals [4]; -an increase of the production of high quality seeds by cloning the best male parents (pisifera), since pollen production can be a limiting factor [5,6]; -the exploitation of (E. guineensis x E. oleifera) interspecific hybrids, a limited number of which are fertile, but which can show a good tolerance to pests and diseases, notably in South America [7]; -the production of biclonal seeds from somatic embryogenesis-derived parents [5];…”

Section: Clonal Propagationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotechnologies

Rival¹,

Tregear²,

Jaligot³

et al. 2001

OCL

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Résumé :Les stratégies d'amélioration génétique du palmier à huile (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) font désormais appel à tout un ensemble d'approches biotechnologiques, allant de l'embryogenèse somatique à la biologie moléculaire. Micropropagation clonale. Les méthodes de clonage par culture in vitro ont conduit au développement d'une technique de micropropagation qui a été testée à l'échelle pilote sur des génotypes d'élite, permettant ainsi la production de clones hautement producteurs en huile. Cette phase a révélé un certain nombre de facteurs limitants liés au changement d'échelle, en particulier les productivités nécessaires pour satisfaire la demande des planteurs et la fidélité génétique du matériel végétal régénéré. Ces deux problèmes ont conduit les chercheurs à analyser les mécanismes physiologiques et/ou moléculaires impliqués dans l'embryogenèse somatique et les variations somaclonales induites par le clonage in vitro. Génomique structurale et fonctionnelle. La sélection assistée par marqueurs constitue, pour le palmier à huile, un projet à long terme, articulé sur plusieurs phases : l'analyse moléculaire de la diversité génétique dans le germplasm d' E. guineensis et d' E. oleifera ; le développement à grande échelle par PCR de marqueurs microsatellites, et le développement en parallèle de trois projets de cartographie génétique et de détection de QTLs s'adressant à des caractères agronomiques majeurs. Postgénomique. Afin de comprendre le phénomène d'anomalie florale « mantled », induite au cours du procédé de micropropagation, des études sur l'expression du génome ont été menées sur des cultures de tissus, dans le but de mettre au point un test de conformité précoce. Il importe d'évaluer quelle méthodologie est la plus adéquate pour ce test, en comparant des approches basées sur l'analyse des ARN, des protéines ou de l'ADN (PCR). Les recherches menées en parallèle sur les changements de niveaux de méthylation de l'ADN génomique induits par culture in vitro suggèrent une implication décisive de ce phénomène dans le déterminisme de l'anomalie « mantled ». Mots-clés :Elaeis guineensis Jacq., épigénétique, embryogenèse somatique, génomique, marqueurs moléculaires, sélection assistée par marqueurs. Summary :Today, a range of biotechnological approaches, from somatic embryogenesis to biomolecular research, play an increasingly important role in breeding strategies for oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.). Clonal micropropagation. Methods of cloning by in vitro culture led to the development of a micropropagation technique for oil palm based on somatic embryogenesis which was tested at the pilot stage on elite genotypes, thus enabling the production of high oil yielding Article disponible sur le site http://www.ocl-journal.org ou http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ocl. 2001.0295 clones. This phase allowed the identification of limiting factors associated with scaling-up, with respect in particular to the scale of mass production required to meet the needs of planters and to the problem of ensuring genetic fidelity in...

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Micropropagation of Orchids

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The Context and Strategies for Tissue Culture of Date, African Oil and Coconut Palms

Cited by 10 publications

References 66 publications

In vitro somatic embryogenesis in two major rattan species: Calamus merrillii and Calamus subinermis

In vitro somatic embryogenesis in two major rattan species: Calamus merrillii and Calamus subinermis

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