The continuing story of Etna's New Southeast Crater (2012–2014): Evolution and volume calculations based on field surveys and aerophotogrammetry

Beni, Emanuela De; Behncke, B.; Branca, Stefano; Nicolosi, Iacopo; Carluccio, R.; Caracciolo, Francesca D’Ajello; Chiappini, M.

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2015.07.021

Cited by 107 publications

(145 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The best model reproducing the recorded strain and tilt changes was an ellipsoidal source constrained at sea level, with an aspect ratio of 0.5 (i.e., more elongated vertically), that underwent a change in volume of ∼2 × 10 6 m 3 . also estimated ∼0.5 × 10 6 m 3 as the additional volume of erupted magma due to the compressibility of residing magma within the source, therefore inferring a mean volume for each lava fountain episode coherent with the one deduced by surveys and aerophotogrammetry (De Beni et al, 2015).…”

Section: Results-strain and Deformation Modeling Co-eruptive Short-tementioning

confidence: 63%

“…The short lived activity of lava fountains, although spectacular, emitted limited volumes of magma (∼ 2.5 × 10 6 m 3 per event) compared to the prolonged effusive flank eruptions, which usually emit from 1.0 × 10 7 to 2.0 × 10 8 m 3 . However, during 2011-2014, the high frequency of the NSEC lava fountain episodes erupted a total volume (pyroclastics products plus effusive flows) of ∼150 × 10 6 m 3 (De Beni et al, 2015). Over this 2011-2014 time interval, this total erupted volume gives an average magma eruption rate similar (even higher) to the long-term output rate in the last decades through the usual effusive eruptions that is 25 × 10 6 m 3 per year (Harris et al, 2011;Bonaccorso Calvari and Calvari, 2013).…”

Section: Etna 2009-2017 Activitymentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Generally, all of the 2011-2013 lava fountain episodes from the NSEC showed generally similar main characteristics, with the height of the lava fountain reaching 300-1,000 m, ash columns reaching 5-9 km, and associated 4-6 km long lava flows descending the eastern flank of the volcano (i.e., Calvari et al, 2011;Behncke et al, 2014;De Beni et al, 2015). The average total DRE (density rock equivalent) volume of magma emitted during each of the 2011-2013 NSEC lava fountains, including both pyroclastic products and lava flows, was ∼ 2.5 × 10 6 m 3 per event (De Beni et al, 2015). After the 2011-2013 NSEC lava fountains, the eruptive activity switched to moderate lava effusion from the NSEC toward NE during January-April and July-August 2014.…”

Section: Etna 2009-2017 Activitymentioning

confidence: 97%

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Coupled Short- and Medium-Term Geophysical Signals at Etna Volcano: Using Deformation and Strain to Infer Magmatic Processes From 2009 to 2017

et al. 2018

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In active volcanoes a main challenge is to identify and characterize the dynamics of magmatic sources from deformation and strain data. This task is of primary importance in frequently eruptive volcanoes, such as Etna. After the main flank eruption of [2008][2009] and until 2017, Etna volcano was characterized by a lively eruptive activity of different phases. These comprised 44 lava fountain episodes from the New South East Crater (NSEC), two sequences of close episodes of lava fountains from the Voragine crater (VOR), as well as some periods of summit effusive activity with a more prolonged supply of lava flows. Several studies have described and modeled single lava fountains episodes of the NSEC and VOR, in particular through high precision data from borehole strain-meters. In this study, we broaden the analysis also considering the medium-term volcano recharging/discharging periods preceding/accompanying the different eruptive phases during 2009-2017 by constraining the source positions through deformation recorded by the permanent GPS network. Together with the modeling deduced from the strain-meter data we produce a more complete representation of the different sources that characterized the different periods both in the medium-term (i.e., the preparatory phases showing inflation and the eruptive phases showing deflation) and in the short-term (i.e., the fast discharge associated with eruptive events). Our modeling explains the pathway of magma from the intermediate-shallow plumbing system to the surface and highlights a clear separation between the inflation and the deflation source depths, coherently with petrological constraints on the spatio-temporal evolution of magma transfer and storage.

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Section: Results-strain and Deformation Modeling Co-eruptive Short-tementioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Etna 2009-2017 Activitymentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Etna 2009-2017 Activitymentioning

confidence: 97%

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Coupled Short- and Medium-Term Geophysical Signals at Etna Volcano: Using Deformation and Strain to Infer Magmatic Processes From 2009 to 2017

et al. 2018

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“…The event ceased completely after about two hours. This was the first of a long and complex sequence of eruptive events that characterized the evolution and growth of the NSEC until 2015 [Behncke et al 2014, De Beni et al 2015.…”

Section: Eruptive Phenomena At Mt Etna During the Studied Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal analysis of d13C CO2 and CO2 efflux in soil gas emissions at Mt. Etna: a new tool for volcano monitoring

Giammanco

Krajnc²,

Kotnik³

et al. 2017

Annals of Geophysics

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“…Having precise and continuously updated topographic maps of the summit region is vital as they enable quantifying the eruptive products (e.g. Behncke et al, 2016;Calvari et al, 2011;De Beni et al, 2015;Ganci, James, Calvari, & Del Negro, 2013). From these data, we can obtain the output rate and evaluate the state of the volcano and its potential of producing future eruptions (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topographic Maps of Mount Etna’s Summit Craters, updated to December 2015

et al. 2017

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New maps of the summit of Mount Etna volcano (1:5000-1:4000), derived from helicopter photogrammetry, thermal images and terrestrial laser scanner survey, are here presented. These maps indicate the main morpho-structural changes occurring during the powerful explosive and effusive eruptions involving the summit craters of Etna over the first two weeks of December 2015. The survey enabled identifying the proximal erupted volume (7.2 ± 0.14 × 10 6 m 3 ) and the size and location of the vent causing the powerful explosive activity inside the Central Crater. Our survey also outlines the growth of a recent (2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015) summit cone on top of a former pit crater, named New SE-Crater. This new cone is by now comparable in size to the former SE-Crater. The shape and size of two small cinder cones that formed on the upper eastern flank of the summit zone in May-July 2014 are also shown. This approach can be used in fast and frequent monitoring of very active volcanoes. ARTICLE HISTORY

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The continuing story of Etna's New Southeast Crater (2012–2014): Evolution and volume calculations based on field surveys and aerophotogrammetry

Cited by 107 publications

References 31 publications

Coupled Short- and Medium-Term Geophysical Signals at Etna Volcano: Using Deformation and Strain to Infer Magmatic Processes From 2009 to 2017

Coupled Short- and Medium-Term Geophysical Signals at Etna Volcano: Using Deformation and Strain to Infer Magmatic Processes From 2009 to 2017

Temporal analysis of d13C CO2 and CO2 efflux in soil gas emissions at Mt. Etna: a new tool for volcano monitoring

Topographic Maps of Mount Etna’s Summit Craters, updated to December 2015

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