The contribution of agricultural and urban activities to inorganic carbon fluxes within temperate watersheds

Barnes, Rebecca T.; Raymond, Peter A.

doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2009.06.018

Cited by 158 publications

(158 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…However, these impacts are largely restricted to the coastal ocean, where these inputs are received. Deforestation, agricultural (Oh and Raymond 2006), mining (Brake et al 2001;Raymond and Oh 2009) and urban/suburban practices (Barnes and Raymond 2009) were linked to direct changes in the delivery of buffering capacity to streams and rivers. These changes have the potential to alter the concentrations of inorganic C species expected through the mixing of freshwater and seawater in estuaries, thereby affecting pH in coastal water (Aufdenkampe et al 2011).…”

Section: Impacts Of Anthropogenic Watershed Perturbations On Seawater Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Ocean Acidification an Open-Ocean Syndrome? Understanding Anthropogenic Impacts on Seawater pH

Duarte

Hendriks

Moore

et al. 2013

Estuaries and Coasts

616

452

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Ocean acidification due to anthropogenic CO 2 emissions is a dominant driver of long-term changes in pH in the open ocean, raising concern for the future of calcifying organisms, many of which are present in coastal habitats. However, changes in pH in coastal ecosystems result from a multitude of drivers, including impacts from watershed processes, nutrient inputs, and changes in ecosystem structure and metabolism. Interaction between ocean acidification due to anthropogenic CO 2 emissions and the dynamic regional to local drivers of coastal ecosystems have resulted in complex regulation of pH in coastal waters. Changes in the watershed can, for example, lead to changes in alkalinity and CO 2 fluxes that, together with metabolic processes and oceanic dynamics, yield high-magnitude decadal changes of up to 0.5 units in coastal pH. Metabolism results in strong diel to seasonal fluctuations in pH, with characteristic ranges of 0.3 pH units, with metabolically intense habitats exceeding this range on a daily basis. The intense variability and multiple, complex controls on pH implies that the concept of ocean acidification due to anthropogenic CO 2 emissions cannot be transposed to coastal ecosystems directly. Furthermore, in coastal ecosystems, the detection of trends towards acidification is not trivial and the attribution of these changes to anthropogenic CO 2 emissions is even more problematic. Coastal ecosystems may show acidification or basification, depending on the balance between the invasion of coastal waters by anthropogenic CO 2 , watershed export of alkalinity, organic matter and CO 2 , and changes in the balance between primary production, respiration and calcification rates in response to changes in nutrient inputs and losses of ecosystem components. Hence, we contend that ocean acidification from anthropogenic CO 2 is largely an open-ocean syndrome and that a concept of anthropogenic impacts on marine pH, which is applicable across the entire ocean, from coastal to open-ocean environments, provides a superior framework to consider the multiple components of the anthropogenic perturbation of marine pH trajectories. The concept of anthropogenic impacts on seawater pH acknowledges that a regional focus is necessary to predict future trajectories in the pH of coastal waters and points at opportunities to manage these trajectories locally to conserve coastal organisms vulnerable to ocean acidification.

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Section: Impacts Of Anthropogenic Watershed Perturbations On Seawater Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Ocean Acidification an Open-Ocean Syndrome? Understanding Anthropogenic Impacts on Seawater pH

Duarte

Hendriks

Moore

et al. 2013

Estuaries and Coasts

616

452

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“…(11). This process of carbonate weathering by protons released from nitrification has been demonstrated by many studies, from the laboratory to the field (Barnes and Raymond, 2009;Bertrand et al, 2007;Biasi et al, 2008;Errin et al, 2006;Gandois et al, 2011;Hamilton et al, 2007;Oh and Raymond, 2006;Perrin et al, 2008;Semhi and Suchet, 2000;Song et al, 2017aSong et al, , 2011West and McBride, 2005). We have noted that the R w values in NH 4 HCO 3 and (NH 4 ) 2 CO 3 treatments are less than half those in the urea treatment despite adding the same amount of fertilizerderived NH 4 (approximately 1.07 mole).…”

Section: Ca-mg-p Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…The increasing consumption of mineral fertilizers is a significant disturbance factor in carbonate weathering and the carbon cycle. Several studies have shown that nitrogen fertilizer additions increased weathering rates and also increased the total export of DIC (dissolved inorganic carbon) from agricultural watersheds (Barnes and Raymond, 2009;Gandois et al, 2011;Hamilton et al, 2007;Oh and Raymond, 2006;Perrin et al, 2008;Pierson-wickmann et al, 2009;Probst, 1986;Semhi and Suchet, 2000;West and McBride, 2005). According to an estimate by Semhi et al (2000), the contribution of N fertilizers to carbonate dissolution was 30 and 12-26 % in two small agricultural carbonate basins in southwestern France: the Girou and the Gers, respectively (tributaries of the Garonne River).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Riverine hydro-chemical composition, such as the ratio of HCO − 3 to Ca 2+ + Mg 2+ , is usually employed as an indicator to estimate the CO 2 consumption by natural carbonate weathering on the regional/global scale (Hagedorn and Cartwright, 2009;Li et al, 2009). However, fluvial alkalinity may also be produced by other processes including the reaction between carbonates and protons derived from (i) the nitrification of N fertilizer (Barnes and Raymond, 2009;Gandois et al, 2011;Hamilton et al, 2007;Oh and Raymond, 2006;Perrin et al, 2008;Pierson-wickmann et al, 2009;Semhi and Suchet, 2000;Song et al, 2017aSong et al, , 2011West and McBride, 2005); (ii) sulfuric acid forming in the oxidation of reduced sulfuric minerals (mainly pyrite, FeS 2 ) (Lerman and Wu, 2006;Lerman et al, 2007;Li et al, 2011Li et al, , 2008; (iii) organic acid secreted by microorganisms (Lian et al, 2008); and (iv) acidic soil (such as red soil and yellow soil) (Song et al, 2014(Song et al, , 2017b. Given that atmospheric CO 2 is not a unique weathering agent, differentiating between the agents of carbonate weathering is important for the accurate budgeting of net CO 2 consumption by carbonate weathering, especially in agricultural areas where mineral fertilizers are used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of different fertilizers on carbonate weathering in a typical karst area, Southwest China: a field column experiment

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Carbonate weathering, as a significant vector for the movement of carbon both between and within ecosystems, is strongly influenced by agricultural fertilization, since the addition of fertilizers tends to change the chemical characteristics of soil such as the pH. Different fertilizers may exert a different impact on carbonate weathering, but these discrepancies are as yet not well-known. In this study, a field column experiment was conducted to explore the response of carbonate weathering to the addition of different fertilizers. We compared 11 different treatments, including a control treatment, using three replicates per treatment. Carbonate weathering was assessed by measuring the weight loss of limestone and dolostone tablets buried at the bottom of soil-filled columns. The results show that the addition of urea, NH 4 NO 3 , NH 4 HCO 3 , NH 4 Cl and (NH 4 ) 2 CO 3 distinctly increased carbonate weathering, which was attributed to the nitrification of NH + 4 . The addition of Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 , Ca-Mg-P and K 2 CO 3 induced carbonate precipitation due to the common ion effect. The addition of (NH 4 ) 3 PO 4 and NaNO 3 had a relatively small impact on carbonate weathering in comparison to those five NH 4 -based fertilizers above. The results of NaNO 3 treatment raise a new question: the negligible impact of nitrate on carbonate weathering may result in an overestimation of the impact of N fertilizer on CO 2 consumption by carbonate weathering on the regional/global scale if the effects of NO 3 and NH 4 are not distinguished.

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“…However, recently increases in the inorganic carbon flux in karst groundwater have been linked to agricultural activities and acid precipitation (Semhi et al 2000;Calmels et al 2007;Li et al , 2010Perrin et al 2008;Barnes & Raymond 2009;Ali & Atekwana 2011;Gandois et al 2011;Jiang 2013;yue et al 2015).…”

Section: Izvlečekmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of agricultural activities and atmospheric acid deposition on carbonate weathering in a small karstic agricultural catchment, Southwest China

Chen¹,

Jiang

2016

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Vpliv kmetijske dejavnosti in kislih usedlin iz zraka na preperevanje karbonatov na majhnem kraškem kmetijskem območju na jugozahodu Kitajske Da bi določili izvor in tok DIC (raztopljen anorganski ogljik) smo vrednotili učinek uporabe dušikovih gnojil in kislih usedlin na preperevanje karbonatov. Pri tem smo se poslužili hidrokemičnih postopkov in analize δ 13 C DIC podzemne vode v kraškem zaledju reke Quinmugan (QURS), ki je del manjšega kmetijskega območja na jugozahodu Kitajske. Rezultati so pokazali naslednje: (1) Izmerjene so bile opazne časovne spremembe v koncentraciji glavnih elementov in δ 13 C DIC v podzemni vodi v različnih mesecih; to je še posebej očitno v deževnem obdobju in času gnojenja, ko so bile zabeležene izrazito povečane koncentracije DIC, Ca ) and HCO 3 − of groundwater in different months averaged 11.1 % and 6.7 %, respectively, and the contributions of carbonate dissolution by sulphuric acid originated from the atmospheric acid deposition to total concentrations of (Ca

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The contribution of agricultural and urban activities to inorganic carbon fluxes within temperate watersheds

Cited by 158 publications

References 36 publications

Is Ocean Acidification an Open-Ocean Syndrome? Understanding Anthropogenic Impacts on Seawater pH

Is Ocean Acidification an Open-Ocean Syndrome? Understanding Anthropogenic Impacts on Seawater pH

Impact of different fertilizers on carbonate weathering in a typical karst area, Southwest China: a field column experiment

The effects of agricultural activities and atmospheric acid deposition on carbonate weathering in a small karstic agricultural catchment, Southwest China

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