The Contribution of Electrical Conductivity, Dielectric Permittivity and Domain Switching in Ferroelectric Hysteresis Loops

Abstract

Triangular voltage waveform was employed to distinguish the contributions of dielectric permittivity, electric conductivity and domain switching in current-electric field curves. At the same time, it is shown how those contributions can affect the shape of the electric displacement — electric field loops (D–E loops). The effects of frequency, temperature and microstructure (point defects, grain size and texture) on the ferroelectric properties of several ferroelectric compositions is reported, including: BaTiO 3; lead zirconate titanate (PZT); lead-free Na 0.5 K 0.5 NbO 3; perovskite-like layer structured A 2 B 2 O 7 with super high Curie point (T c ); Aurivillius phase ferroelectric Bi 3.15 Nd 0.5 Ti 3 O 12; and multiferroic Bi 0.89 La 0.05 Tb 0.06 FeO 3. This systematic study provides an instructive outline in the measurement of ferroelectric properties and the analysis and interpretation of experimental data.

Effect of grain size on domain structures, dielectric and thermal depoling of Nd-substituted bismuth titanate ceramics

“…strain-electric field hysteresis loops were obtained at room temperature using a capacitance nanosensor device (NPL, Teddington, UK). 22,23 For piezoelectric constant measurements the samples were poled under DC conditions with an electric field of 10 kV/mm for 15 min in silicone oil at room temperature. The piezoelectric constant (d 33 ) was characterized using a piezo-d 33 meter (ZJ-3B, Institute of Acoustics, Academia Sinica).…”

The dielectric and ferroelectric properties of (Ba0.5Sr0.5)TiO3-doped (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3 lead-free ceramics

“…Relatively square loops can be observed within these compositions, indicating a typical ferroelectric nature of these ceramics. 40,41 It is clear that both the E c and remnant polarization (P r ) show a same variation trend with respect to the BST content. The E c and P r all increased first, then decreased with respect to the increase of the BST content.…”

Relaxor nature in lead-free Sr5LaTi3Nb7O30 tetragonal tungsten bronze ceramics

“…2 According to the study of the contribution of electrical conductivity, dielectric permittivity, and domain switching in ferroelectric I-E loops, the current from dielectric with no ferroelectric property is almost a constant value, while for the contribution from the domain switching, the current peak appears before the maximum electric field. 27 The current peak exhibits in the I-E loop at 183 K and 20 kV/cm (see Figure 3(b)), suggesting the existence of domain switching in the Sr 5 LaTi 3 Nb 7 O 30 ceramics at low temperature.…”