The contribution of hypercortisolaemia to the cognitive decline of geriatric depression

Mitchell, Alex J.

doi:10.1002/gps.930100509

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…It is now well established that depressive symptoms are often accompanied with, caused by or lead to other cognitive function dependent mental health problems [1,14,15,19,33,39]. Currently, however, no consistent or successful therapeutic strategies to combat depression related cognitive impairments (DRCI) or cognitive decline of geriatric depression are available [25,26]. Confirmation of our experimental observations made with the Hypericum extract by properly controlled dose-finding studies in patients with dementia therefore seems warranted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Hypericum Extract and Hyperforin: Memory-Enhancing Properties in Rodents

Kluša¹,

Germane²,

Nöldner³

et al. 2001

Pharmacopsychiatry

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Effects of a Hypericum extract in therapeutic use and hyperforin sodium salt were evaluated in rat and mouse avoidance tests. In a conditioned avoidance response (CAR) test on the rat, oral daily administration of hyperforin (1.25 mg/kg/day) or of the extract (50 mg/kg/day) before the training sessions considerably improved learning ability from the second day onwards until the day 7. In addition, the memory of the learned responses acquired during 7 consecutive days of administration and training was largely retained even after 9 days without further treatment or training. The observations made using different doses indicate that these learning-facilitating and/or memory-consolidating effects by the agents follow inverse U-shaped dose-response curves in dose ranges lower than (for hyperforin) or equal to (for Hypericum extract) their effective dose in the behavioral despair test for antidepressants. In a passive avoidance response test on the mouse, a single oral dose (1.25 mg/kg) of hyperforin not only improved memory acquisition and consolidation, but also almost completely reversed scopolamine-induced amnesia. The single Hypericum extract dose tested (25 mg/kg) did not reveal any significant effects in the passive avoidance response (PAR) test on the mouse. These observations suggest that the Hypericum extract could be a novel type of antidepressant with memory enhancing properties, and indicate that hyperforin is involved in its cognitive effects. Pure hyperforin seems to be a more potent antidementia agent than an antidepressant.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Hypericum Extract and Hyperforin: Memory-Enhancing Properties in Rodents

Kluša¹,

Germane²,

Nöldner³

et al. 2001

Pharmacopsychiatry

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Section: What Is the Mechanism Behind The Decreased Hippocampal Volume?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hippocampal Volume and Depression: A Meta-Analysis of MRI Studies

Videbech

Ravnkilde²

2004

AJP

1,384

825

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“…It is thus well established that approxi mately half of depressed patients have hypothalamic pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis hyperactivity (11,67,68). This abnormality could implicate hippocampal dysfunction because of its inhibitory influence on the HPA axis (69)(70)(71). In a PET study of relatively acutely depressed patients, we found markedly increased blood flow to the hippocampus (12), whereas others have found decreased activity in the parahippocampal area in a study of patients with treat ment-resistant depression with a very long depression his tory (72).…”

Section: What Is the Mechanism Behind The Decreased Hippocampal Volume?mentioning

confidence: 99%