The contribution of major diagnostic causes to socioeconomic differences in disability retirement

Polvinen, Anu; Laaksonen, Mikko; Gould, Raija; Lahelma, Eero; Martikainen, Pekka

doi:10.5271/sjweh.3411

Cited by 38 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Our findings suggesting a negligible role of health behaviors are in accordance with a previous study which reported no contribution of health behaviors to occupational class differences in work disability retire- Virtanen et al ment (8) but are in contrast with another study in which health behaviors explained a third of the socioeconomic status differences (42). However, because our cohort comprised non-disabled participants who all continued until their old-age pension, the studies are not fully comparable.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

“…For example, low occupational class (4)(5)(6)(7)(8), behavior-related risk factors [such as smoking (9,10), heavy alcohol use (11), obesity (12) and low physical activity (10,13)] as well as stressful psychosocial working conditions (6,7,14) have been found to predict disability retirement. However, disability pensions only account for a minority of all pensions; a greater impact on the public economy may Virtanen et al come from the remaining working population having the potential to prolong their work careers voluntarily.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occupational class and working beyond the retirement age: a cohort study

Virtanen¹,

Oksanen²,

Pentti³

et al. 2017

Scand J Work Environ Health

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This study examined characteristics that explain socioeconomic differences in the length of work career among a non-disabled population near retirement. People with higher occupational classes were two times more likely to continue working beyond the pensionable age compared to those with lower occupational classes. This was explained by physically lighter job, better work time control and better self-rated working capacity.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational class and working beyond the retirement age: a cohort study

Virtanen¹,

Oksanen²,

Pentti³

et al. 2017

Scand J Work Environ Health

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“…Our findings of a two-fold independent risk of disability retirement associated with low occupational class and CVD confirms previous research that has reported associations of low socioeconomic status [14,15] and CVD [6][7][8][9][10] with work disability. We found support for our hypothesis that low occupational class and CVD together might assert their influence on work disability pension over and above their independent effects.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…In addition, recurrent events or death as adverse outcomes among CVD patients have shown to be more common among those with lower socioeconomic status [13]. In agreement with this, an inverse socioeconomic gradient has been observed in the risk of disability retirement [14,15]. However, we are not aware of studies that have examined whether this gradient is similar for people with and without CVD.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 48%

The joint contribution of cardiovascular disease and socioeconomic status to disability retirement: A register linkage study

Virtanen

Lallukka

Ervasti

et al. 2017

International Journal of Cardiology

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Background: Whether low occupational class amplifies the risk of disability retirement among employees with cardiovascular disease (CVD) is unknown. We examined this issue in two prospective cohort studies. Methods:In the Finnish Public Sector Study and the Helsinki Health Study (n=50,799 employees), prevalent CVD (coronary heart disease or stroke, n=1269) was ascertained using records from national health registers, self-reported doctor-diagnosed diseases, and Rose Angina Questionnaire. Data linkage to national pension registers allowed the follow up of disability retirement among the participants for a mean of six years. We analysed the associations of occupational class and CVD with disability retirement using Cox regression, tested interactions between occupational class and prevalent CVD in predicting disability retirement by calculating the Synergy Index, and pooled the results from the two studies using fixed-effect meta-analysis. Results:Compared with the participants from high occupational class and no CVD, the participants from the low occupational class without CVD had a 2.13-fold (95% CI 1.97-2.30), and those with high occupational class and CVD a 2.18-fold (1.73-2.74); those with both low occupational class and CVD a 4.49-fold (3.83-5.26) risk of disability retirement. A Synergy Index of 1.55 (1.16-2.06) suggested a greater than additive effect for low occupational class and CVD in combination.Conclusions: Individuals with both low occupational class and CVD are at a particularly high risk of premature exit from the labour market due to work disability. These findings suggest that preventive strategies are needed to improve prognosis in this risk group.Word count: 244 in abstract, 3403 in text 3

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“…The longitudinal register-based study in the Finnish workforce shows that manual workers are at increased risk for disability pension compared to upper-class, non-manual workers with a RR of 2.79 and 2.29 among men and women, respectively. Disability due to musculoskeletal disorders and cardiovascular diseases contributed most to the observed socioeconomic differences (10). This study again raises the question whether it is a fair policy to increase the statutory retirement age regardless of the strenuous jobs performed.…”

Section: The Importance Of Preventing Work-related Disabilitymentioning

confidence: 88%