The contribution of tsunami evacuation analysis to evacuation planning in Chile: Applying a multi-perspective research design

Kubisch, Susanne; Guth, Johanna; Keller, Sina; Bull, María; Keller, Lars; Braun, Andreas

doi:10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101462

Cited by 27 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Studies on simulated tsunami evacuations using GIS include Kubish, et al's study on simulated tsunami evacuations in Chile, 16 and Takabatake's study in Tofino, Canada. 17 Among the studies on simulated tsunami evacuations, some specifically focus on people who need assistance during disasters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simulation Model of Escapable and Non-Escapable Areas from Which Pregnant Women Can Reach Tsunami Evacuation Buildings: The Case in 110 Elementary School Districts in Nagoya City, Aichi, Japan

Miyagawa

Hattori

2022

Disaster med. public health prep.

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Objective: The objective of this study was to establish a method for evaluating the possibility of pregnant women evacuating to tsunami evacuation buildings in coastal areas affected by tsunami. Methods: We used data published by the Japanese government and a general-purpose geographic information system to develop a simulation method for evaluating the possibility of evacuation. The data included the number of pregnant women in each elementary school district, tsunami inundation forecast maps, location information of tsunami evacuation buildings, and the number of ordinary buildings. We used our method to conduct a tsunami evacuation possibility simulation for pregnant women in each elementary school district in 7 wards of Nagoya, Japan. Results: Dense population areas at low elevations are high-risk areas from which many pregnant women may not be able to evacuate. Districts with evenly distributed tsunami evacuation buildings tend to have a lower risk. Conclusions: The proposed simulation method was able to determine the risk in elementary school districts in densely populated low-lying areas. However, it is suggested that the risk tends to be estimated higher in school districts where there are differences in elevation and the building distribution is not uniform.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simulation Model of Escapable and Non-Escapable Areas from Which Pregnant Women Can Reach Tsunami Evacuation Buildings: The Case in 110 Elementary School Districts in Nagoya City, Aichi, Japan

Miyagawa

Hattori

2022

Disaster med. public health prep.

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“…In this respect, more direct routes are not only faster to walk (thus reducing escape distances and evacuation times) but also help to improve wayfinding as they reduce the changes of directions that evacuees must undertake between their origins and destinations (Fakhrurrazi and Van Nes, 2012;Mohareb, 2011). The importance of wayfinding cannot be underestimated, especially in the case of tourists and non-locals, who may constitute a large percentage of casualties during a tsunami (as shown by the Chilean disaster of 2010) (Kubisch et al, 2020). Also, the total route length (and the shelter distance) could also be reduced by incorporating vertical evacuation across the urban fabric, which has been proven to reduce the evacuation times significantly (León et al, 2019a;Mostafizi et al, 2019).…”

Section: Multivariate Regressive Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These characteristics include those related to the tsunami (flood depth), context (elevation, distance to the shoreline), the evacuation process (travel time, distance to the shelter, route length, pedestrian directness ratio), and the street network configuration (betweenness, closeness, straightness). In this respect, authors like Allan et al (2013), Kubisch et al (2020), Tumini et al (2017), Villagra et al (2014), and Villagra and Quintana (2017) underline the links between urban morphology/geospatial characteristics and evacuation. They point out how the former physically affects the latter and examine how behavioural aspects (e.g.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling geographical and built environment’s attributes as predictors of human vulnerability during tsunami evacuations: a multi-case study and paths to improvement

León

Gubler

Ogueda

2021

Preprint

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Abstract. Evacuation is the most important and effective method to save human lives during a tsunami. In this respect, challenges exist in developing quantitative analyses of the relationships between the evacuation potential and the built environment and geographical attributes of coastal locations. This paper proposes a computer-based modelling approach (including inundation, evacuation, and built environment metrics), followed by multivariate regressive analysis, to estimate how those attributes might influence the expected tsunami death ratios of seven Chilean coastal cities. We obtained, for the examined variables, their average values to different thresholds of the death ratio. Also, our statistical analysis allowed us to compare the relative importance of each metric, showing that the maximum flood, the straightness of the street network, the total route length, and the travel time can have a significant impact on the expected death ratios. Moreover, we suggest that these results could lead to spatial planning guidelines for developing new urban areas into exposed territories (if this expansion cannot be restricted or discouraged) or retrofitting existing ones, with the final aim of enhancing evacuation and therefore increasing resilience.

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“…Based on [6], Chasanah and Sakakibara used 1.4 m/s as the evacuation walking speed in the study on the volcanic eruption's evacuation case [30]. Similarly, [31] set walking speed into three categories namely slow (1.35 m/s), medium (1.4 m/s) and fast (1.51 m/s) based on [6].…”

Section: Walking Speed Studies In Disaster Evacuationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing the evacuation speed through a ramp and a stair in a tsunami evacuation drill in Padang

Badrul

Yosritzal

2021

E3S Web Conf.

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In a vertical evacuation, there are two types of a route that could be chosen namely a ramp and a stair. A ramp is usually used to help a disabled person with a wheelchair to reach the top of a shelter and a stair is used for normal persons. However, in an evacuation, speed is very important. Therefore, a comparison between the use of stairs and ramp in terms of evacuation speed to reach the top should be evaluated. This paper presents an evaluation of the evacuation speed using stairs and ramps by normal persons. The study found that evacuating using stairs is slightly faster than using a ramp.

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The contribution of tsunami evacuation analysis to evacuation planning in Chile: Applying a multi-perspective research design

Cited by 27 publications

References 47 publications

A Simulation Model of Escapable and Non-Escapable Areas from Which Pregnant Women Can Reach Tsunami Evacuation Buildings: The Case in 110 Elementary School Districts in Nagoya City, Aichi, Japan

A Simulation Model of Escapable and Non-Escapable Areas from Which Pregnant Women Can Reach Tsunami Evacuation Buildings: The Case in 110 Elementary School Districts in Nagoya City, Aichi, Japan

Modelling geographical and built environment’s attributes as predictors of human vulnerability during tsunami evacuations: a multi-case study and paths to improvement

Comparing the evacuation speed through a ramp and a stair in a tsunami evacuation drill in Padang

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