The contribution of university, private and public sector resources to Italian regional innovation system (in)efficiency

Barra, Cristian; Zotti, Roberto

doi:10.1007/s10961-016-9539-7

Cited by 53 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Evidence exists about the continuation of the well-known "European Paradox", according to which Europe suffers from a gap between high levels of scientific performance and lower levels of contributions to economic competitiveness, especially with regard to high-tech sectors and new innovative start-ups (Dosi et al 2006;Rodríguez-Navarro and Narin 2018). As a consequence, extensive work has been addressed to these issues at different European levels, including attention to university TTOs, that have the role of carrying out the central task of bringing research results towards industrial application (Barra and Zotti 2018;Hayter et al 2018).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engines need transmission belts: the importance of people in technology transfer offices

et al. 2021

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Over the last 20 years, universities and Public Research Organizations have increased their efforts to transfer their research results towards industrial applications in order to generate economic and social impact. Among many different actions, new technology transfer offices (TTOs) have been set up and existing ones strengthened. The present paper intends to evaluate the effects of a specific policy action launched by the Italian Patent and Trademark Office (UIBM) within the Italian Ministry of Economic Development (MISE), aimed at increasing the number of employees in TTOs to foster technology transfer in general and the valorization of intellectual property rights more specifically. Our results suggest that the impact of the UIBM policy action has been positive and that in some specific situations the impact was stronger. Our results therefore contribute to the technology transfer literature and can have implications for both academic research and decisions regarding investments in human resources in university TTOs.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engines need transmission belts: the importance of people in technology transfer offices

et al. 2021

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“…The question of whether higher education institutions affect innovation has been widely discussed in both the theoretical (e.g Aghion and Howitt 2009;Bercovitz and Feldman 2006) and empirical (e.g. Barra and Zotti 2018;Jaffe 1986;Link and Rees 1990;Lööf and Broström 2008) literature on the economics of science and technology (Audretsch et al 2002). A number of recent papers-using the establishment of universities to identify innovation effects-show, on average, an increase in patenting activities in the respective regions by between 7% and 32% (Andrews 2019;Cowan and Zinovyeva 2013;Toivanen and Väänänen 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovation effects of universities of applied sciences: an assessment of regional heterogeneity

et al. 2021

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The literature on the economics of science and technology shows that academic universities—institutions focusing on basic research—positively affect innovation activities in regional economies. Less is known about the innovation effects of universities of applied sciences (UASs)—bachelor-granting three-year colleges teaching and conducting applied research. Furthermore, the evidence for positive innovation effects is predominantly based on average effects, while heterogeneity in innovation effects due to the economic environment is far less considered. By exploiting a public policy development in Switzerland that led to the quasi-random establishment of UASs, we investigate the regional heterogeneity in innovation effects of these UASs. We rely on patent and business census data and analyze the influence and importance of three economic preconditions—labor market size, labor market density and high tech intensity—on innovation effects of UASs. Our results show that only regions with a large or a dense enough labor market or with an above average high tech intensity experience significant innovation effects of UASs. Comparing the relative importance of the three economic preconditions, we find that labor market size is the most important factor that drives heterogeneity in innovation effects of UASs.

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“…Research collaborations between these actors are considered crucial in this, and across a number of industries R&D collaboration between them is highly valued (Kramer et al 2011). For firms and the RIS, University's investments in R&D provide benefits that can contribute to their innovation processes (Barra and Zotti 2018), whilst the University benefits from R&D collaboration through additional income and experience of firms' real-life problems (Harper and Georghiou 2005). Finally, within the science park itself the University can then act as a "knowledge intermediary".…”

Section: Brokerage Rolesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic literature review paper: the regional innovation system-university-science park nexus

2021

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Recent work on Region Innovation Systems (RIS) has emphasised the importance of universities. Until recently, however, related insights into the dynamics of this relationship in respect of the specific role of the science park have been limited. This paper presents a systematic review identifying the key roles of each actor in relation to innovation. We link the dynamic roles performed by the university between science parks and the RIS. Our results enable us to identify how the key activities performed by the university change during its interrelations within the RIS and with the science park. Our analysis of the literature distinguishes between three sets of relationships through which the university plays differing roles: RIS-university, RIS-university-science park, and university-science park. Respectively, the University’s relationships between these different RIS actors focuses on: resource sharing, brokerage, and commercialisation-exploitation. Secondly, we find that within each of these relationship types the university can perform three types of roles: on knowledge co-creation, acting as conduit, and inter-organisational relationship building. Distinguishing between these differing relationships and roles enables us to identify a total of nine dynamic roles performed by the University, which include: provision of information, channels of communication, infrastructure, regional networking, building research collaboration, acting as knowledge intermediaries, economic development, technological change and commercialisation processes, and start up creation and commercialisation. The review identifies several gaps in the literature in need of further research, and suggests that university relationships with RIS, interlinked with those between the university and science park itself, are important factors affecting science park innovation performance.

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The contribution of university, private and public sector resources to Italian regional innovation system (in)efficiency

Cited by 53 publications

References 57 publications

Engines need transmission belts: the importance of people in technology transfer offices

Engines need transmission belts: the importance of people in technology transfer offices

Innovation effects of universities of applied sciences: an assessment of regional heterogeneity

Systematic literature review paper: the regional innovation system-university-science park nexus

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