The control mechanisms of erosion and weathering at basin scale from cosmogenic nuclides in river sediment

Blanckenburg, Friedhelm von

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2005.06.030

Cited by 519 publications

(356 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…In the Alpine setting, this method integrates denudation over time scales of several hundreds to thousands of years (Wittmann et al, 2007). Terrestrial cosmogenic nuclides and the inferred pattern of denudation thus record the effects of high magnitude erosion events (von Blanckenburg, 2005). Accordingly, cosmogenic nuclides probably provide a more representative estimate of the late Holocene denudation rates than suspended loads of sediment.…”

Section: Post-lgm Redistribution Of Sedimentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Be in riverborn quartz (see von Blanckenburg, 2005, for a review of the method), includes the contribution of both physical and chemical denudation and provides spatially averaged denudation rates for the sampled watersheds. In the Alpine setting, this method integrates denudation over time scales of several hundreds to thousands of years (Wittmann et al, 2007).…”

Section: Post-lgm Redistribution Of Sedimentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Erosion-driven uplift of the modern Central Alps

et al. 2009

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We present a compilation of data of modern tectono-geomorphic processes in the Central European Alps which suggest that observed rock uplift is a response to climate-driven denudation. This interpretation is predominantly based on the recent quantification of basinaveraged Late Holocene denudation rates that are so similar to the pattern and rates of rock uplift rates as determined by geodetic leveling. Furthermore, a GPS data-based synthesis of Adriatic microplate kinematics suggests that the Central Alps are currently not in a state of active convergence. Finally, we illustrate that the Central Alps have acted as a closed system for Holocene redistribution of sediment in which the peri-Alpine lakes have operated as a sink for the erosional products of the inner Central Alps.While various hypotheses have been put forward to explain Central Alpine rock uplift (e.g. lithospheric forcing by convergence, mantle processes, or ice melting) we show with an elastic model of lithospheric deformation, that the correlation between erosion and rock uplift rates reflects a positive feedback between denudation and the associated isostatic response to unloading. Thus, erosion does not passively respond to advection of crustal material as might be the case in actively converging orogens. Rather, we suggest that the geomorphic response of the Alpine topography to glacial and fluvial erosion and the resulting disequilibrium for modern channelized and associated hillslope processes explains much of the pattern of modern denudation and hence rock uplift. Therefore, in a non-convergent orogen such as the Central European Alps, the observed vertical rock uplift is primarily a consequence of passive unloading due to erosion.

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Section: Post-lgm Redistribution Of Sedimentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Post-lgm Redistribution Of Sedimentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Erosion-driven uplift of the modern Central Alps

et al. 2009

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“…Though, the reverse argument also holds: thick soils require intense weathering and/ or a very long time. Several recent studies show a strong link between mechanical denudation [Millot et al, 2002] or tectonic activity inducing landscape rejuvenation [von Blanckenburg, 2005] and chemical weathering of silicates. In the absence of mechanical denudation and/or landscape rejuvenation, chemical weathering in low latitude areas will decrease through time.…”

Section: Consequences Of the Pangea Breakup On The Global Carbon Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

A GEOCLIM simulation of climatic and biogeochemical consequences of Pangea breakup

Donnadieu¹,

Goddéris

Pierrehumbert

et al. 2006

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

128

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[1] Large fluctuations in continental configuration occur throughout the Mesozoic. While it has long been recognized that paleogeography may potentially influence atmospheric CO 2 via the continental silicate weathering feedback, no numerical simulations have been done, because of the lack of a spatially resolved climate-carbon model. GEOCLIM, a coupled numerical model of the climate and global biogeochemical cycles, is used to investigate the consequences of the Pangea breakup. The climate module of the GEOCLIM model is the FOAM atmospheric general circulation model, allowing the calculation of the consumption of atmospheric CO 2 through continental silicate weathering with a spatial resolution of 7.5°long Â 4.5°lat. Seven time slices have been simulated. We show that the breakup of the Pangea supercontinent triggers an increase in continental runoff, resulting in enhanced atmospheric CO 2 consumption through silicate weathering. As a result, atmospheric CO 2 falls from values above 3000 ppmv during the Triassic down to rather low levels during the Cretaceous (around 400 ppmv), resulting in a decrease in global mean annual continental temperatures from about 20°C to 10°C. Silicate weathering feedback and paleogeography both act to force the Earth system toward a dry and hot world reaching its optimum over the last 260 Myr during the Middle-Late Triassic. In the super continent case, given the persistent aridity, the model generates high CO 2 values to produce very warm continental temperatures. Conversely, in the fragmented case, the runoff becomes the most important contributor to the silicate weathering rate, hence producing a CO 2 drawdown and a fall in continental temperatures. Finally, another unexpected outcome is the pronounced fluctuation in carbonate accumulation simulated by the model in response to the Pangea breakup. These fluctuations are driven by changes in continental carbonate weathering flux. Accounting for the fluctuations in area available for carbonate platforms, the simulated G 3

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“…: Gosse and Philips, 2001;Dunaï, 2010). If the exposure duration to cosmic ray derived particles is lasts long enough, cosmogenic nuclide concentrations reach a steady-state equilibrium at which the gain in cosmogenic nuclides due to production balances losses due to denudation and radioactive decay (e.g., von Blanckenburg, 2005). At the catchment area scale (A), gain due to production is (P x A), while losses can be estimated by the mean concentration in grains in the river sediments at the outlet (C) multiplied by the sediment flux (F).…”

Section: 5estimate Of Subsequent Erosion Using Cosmogenic Nuclide mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Roussillon Basin (S. France): A case-study to distinguish local and regional events between 6 and 3 Ma

Clauzon

Strat²,

Duvail³

et al. 2015

Marine and Petroleum Geology

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The Roussillon Basin is a non-silled Miocene sedimentary basin filling a late Oligocene-early Miocene graben. The basin was intensively impacted by the 2 Messinian fluvial erosion, as evidenced in exposed sections, in seismic profiles and in deep boreholes drilled for hydrocarbon exploration. As the basin was open to the Mediterranean Sea, the huge drop in sea level at the peak of the Messinian Salinity Crisis is clearly recorded, along with the subsequent sudden marine reflooding and the resulting prograding sedimentary filling, particularly in Gilbert-type fan deltas. Here, the Messinian Erosional Surface (MES) is accurately mapped in a high-resolution document, which corrects the confusion resulting from the set of 1:50,000 scale regional maps. Aim of the 3D reconstruction of the MES is to modernize geological mapping, a crucial challenge for Mediterranean and peripheral areas. Thanks to a reliable chronostratigraphy provided by planktonic foraminifers, calcareous nannofossils, micro-and macro-mammal remains, paleomagnetism and a 10 Be cosmogenic nuclide-derived study, our reconstruction is one of the most comprehensive models of changes in sea level from 6 to 3 Ma. After the marine reflooding of the Mediterranean Basin at 5.46 Ma, the fluctuations in sea level recorded in the Roussillon Basin were forced by global changes. Following reflooding, the Prades large olistostrome collapsed prepared by the previous exhumation along the Canigou fault. The olistostrome is a good example of a local accident resulting from Messinian events. The exceptional changes in sea level at the peak of the Messinian Salinity Crisis deeply marked the Roussillon Basin, momentarily overprinting the Pyrenean orogenesis.

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The control mechanisms of erosion and weathering at basin scale from cosmogenic nuclides in river sediment

Cited by 519 publications

References 72 publications

Erosion-driven uplift of the modern Central Alps

Erosion-driven uplift of the modern Central Alps

A GEOCLIM simulation of climatic and biogeochemical consequences of Pangea breakup

The Roussillon Basin (S. France): A case-study to distinguish local and regional events between 6 and 3 Ma

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