The control of Chagas' disease transmission in Mambaí, Goiás-Brazil (1980-1981)

Marsden, Philip D.; Virgens, Domingos das; Castro, Cleudson Nery de; Brasil, Ibiraci Pacífico; Ferreira, Raul; Silveira, Antônio Carlos; Matos, Carlos Alberto da Silveira; Macêdo, Vanize; Prata, Áluízio

doi:10.1590/s0037-86821983000400004

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In Paraguari (Paraguay), house spraying with a pyrethroid alone or combined with housing improvement suppressed T. cruzi infection in T. infestans over an 18-month period [ 75 ]. Similar long-term declines in bug infection after sustained insecticide treatments were recorded in Goiás, Brazil [ 76 , 77 ]. In a field trial of fluralaner administered to dogs, both the prevalence of T. infestans infected with T. cruzi and the abundance of infected bugs fell postintervention and remained marginal or nil over a 2-year period [ 78 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

The Pampa del Indio project: sustainable vector control and long-term declines in the prevalence and abundance of Triatoma infestans infected with Trypanosoma cruzi in the Argentine Chaco

Gürtler,

Enriquez,

Gaspe

et al. 2023

Parasites Vectors

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Background The Gran Chaco region is a major hotspot of Chagas disease. We implemented a 9-year program aimed at suppressing house infestation with Triatoma infestans and stopping vector-borne transmission to creole and indigenous (Qom) residents across Pampa del Indio municipality (Argentine Chaco). The aim of the present study was to assess the intervention effects on parasite-based transmission indices and the spatial distribution of the parasite, and test whether house-level variations in triatomine infection with Trypanosoma cruzi declined postintervention and were influenced by household ethnicity, persistent infestation linked to pyrethroid resistance and other determinants of bug infection. Methods This longitudinal study assessed house infestation and bug infection with T. cruzi before and after spraying houses with pyrethroids and implemented systematic surveillance-and-response measures across four operational areas over the period 2007–2016. Live triatomines were individually examined for infection by optical microscopy or kinetoplast DNA (kDNA)-PCR and declared to be infected with T. cruzi when assessed positive by either method. Results The prevalence of infection with T. cruzi was 19.4% among 6397 T. infestans examined. Infection ranged widely among the study areas (12.5–26.0%), household ethnicity (15.3–26.9%), bug ecotopes (1.8–27.2%) and developmental stages (5.9–27.6%), and decreased from 24.1% (baseline) to 0.9% (endpoint). Using random-intercept multiple logistic regression, the relative odds of bug infection strongly decreased as the intervention period progressed, and increased with baseline domestic infestation and bug stage and in Qom households. The abundance of infected bugs and the proportion of houses with ≥ 1 infected bug remained depressed postintervention and were more informative of area-wide risk status than the prevalence of bug infection. Global spatial analysis revealed sharp changes in the aggregation of bug infection after the attack phase. Baseline domestic infestation and baseline bug infection strongly predicted the future occurrence of bug infection, as did persistent domestic infestation in the area with multiple pyrethroid-resistant foci. Only 19% of houses had a baseline domestic infestation and 56% had ever had ≥ 1 infected bug. Conclusions Persistent bug infection postintervention was closely associated with persistent foci generated by pyrethroid resistance. Postintervention parasite-based indices closely agreed with human serosurveys at the study endpoint, suggesting transmission blockage. The program identified households and population subgroups for targeted interventions and opened new opportunities for risk prioritization and sustainable vector control and disease prevention. Graphical abstract

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

The Pampa del Indio project: sustainable vector control and long-term declines in the prevalence and abundance of Triatoma infestans infected with Trypanosoma cruzi in the Argentine Chaco

Gürtler,

Enriquez,

Gaspe

et al. 2023

Parasites Vectors

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“…Em 1979, novo inquérito parcial (455 UDs de um total de 876 então existentes) revelou um aumento da infestação de 52 para 74% 10 . Em 1980, a Superintendência de Campanhas de Saúde Pública fez o tratamento integral, com inseticida clorado (BHC), de todos os domicílios, seguido de rociamento seletivo por UD infestada no ano seguinte 9 . A partir de 1983 foram empregados inseticidas piretroides, aplicados seletivamente em unidades com infestação residual ou reinfestadas, conhecidas através de vigilância entomológica exercida por busca ativa do vetor ou com a informação gerada por unidades mínimas de vigilância (UMV) 8 .…”

Section: Artigo/articleunclassified

Avaliação do sistema de vigilância entomológica da doença de Chagas com participação comunitária em Mambaí e Buritinópolis, Estado de Goiás

Silveira

Rezende

Nogales

et al. 2009

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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A vigilância entomológica da doença de Chagas em Mambaí e Buritinópolis, no Estado de Goiás, Brasil, tem sido mantida com participação da população, notificando a presença de vetores nas habitações. Passado longo tempo após instituídas as ações de controle e tendo-se já certificado a interrupção da transmissão vetorial, buscou-se avaliar o conhecimento e as práticas da população nessa situação. Os resultados apontam progressivo desinteresse pelo tema doença de Chagas, atribuível à redução da magnitude do problema representado pela enfermidade, a pouca participação das escolas na vigilância, à pequena importância dos vetores secundários e nativos e, em conseqüência, às limitadas intervenções dos serviços de controle em resposta às notificações. Propõe-se, que atividades de busca direta por amostragem sejam periodicamente realizadas e maior envolvimento das instituições de ensino.Palavras-chaves: Doença de Chagas. Vigilância entomológica. Participação comunitária. ABSTRACTEntomological surveillance of Chagas disease in Mambaí and Buritinópolis, in the State of Goiás, Brazil, has been kept up through the local population's participation, consisting of reporting the presence of vectors inside their homes. A long time has elapsed since instituting these control measures and it has now been certified that vector transmission has been halted. Thus, this study sought to evaluate the population's knowledge and practices in this situation. The results show that there has been progressive indifference towards the topic of "Chagas disease", which can be attributed to the reduction in the magnitude of the problem that this disease represented, little participation in surveillance among schools, low epidemiological importance of secondary and native vectors and, consequently, limited control interventions from health services in response to notifications. It is proposed that direct search activities by means of sampling should be carried out periodically, and that there should be greater involvement among teaching institutions.

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“…A plausible interpretation of the domestic infestation risk associated with overcrowding is that more human occupants per room (i.e. human density) increase the availability of blood meal sources, human-feeding success and the nutritional status of T. infestans populations [ 54 , 55 ]. Host-feeding success is also affected by the relative contribution of other domestic bloodmeal sources, mainly chickens and dogs in the Chaco ecoregion [ 56 ], which can be of magnitude and correlates positively with the number of human residents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Domestic (re)infestation risk with the main vector Triatoma infestans increases with surrounding green vegetation and social vulnerability in the Argentine Chaco

Elias,

Cardinal,

Macchiaverna

et al. 2024

Parasites Vectors

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Background Chagas disease, caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, is still a public health problem in Latin America and in the Southern Cone countries, where Triatoma infestans is the main vector. We evaluated the relationships among the density of green vegetation around rural houses, sociodemographic characteristics, and domestic (re)infestation with T. infestans while accounting for their spatial dependence in the municipality of Pampa del Indio between 2007 and 2016. Methods The study comprised sociodemographic and ecological variables from 734 rural houses with no missing data. Green vegetation density surrounding houses was estimated by the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). We used a hierarchical Bayesian logistic regression composed of fixed effects and spatial random effects to estimate domestic infestation risk and quantile regressions to evaluate the association between surrounding NDVI and selected sociodemographic variables. Results Qom ethnicity and the number of poultry were negatively associated with surrounding NDVI, whereas overcrowding was positively associated with surrounding NDVI. Hierarchical Bayesian models identified that domestic infestation was positively associated with surrounding NDVI, suitable walls for triatomines, and overcrowding over both intervention periods. Preintervention domestic infestation also was positively associated with Qom ethnicity. Models with spatial random effects performed better than models without spatial effects. The former identified geographic areas with a domestic infestation risk not accounted for by fixed-effect variables. Conclusions Domestic infestation with T. infestans was associated with the density of green vegetation surrounding rural houses and social vulnerability over a decade of sustained vector control interventions. High density of green vegetation surrounding rural houses was associated with households with more vulnerable social conditions. Evaluation of domestic infestation risk should simultaneously consider social, landscape and spatial effects to control for their mutual dependency. Hierarchical Bayesian models provided a proficient methodology to identify areas for targeted triatomine and disease surveillance and control. Graphical Abstract

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The control of Chagas' disease transmission in Mambaí, Goiás-Brazil (1980-1981)

Abstract: BHC application in Mambai in

Cited by 12 publications

References 6 publications

The Pampa del Indio project: sustainable vector control and long-term declines in the prevalence and abundance of Triatoma infestans infected with Trypanosoma cruzi in the Argentine Chaco

The Pampa del Indio project: sustainable vector control and long-term declines in the prevalence and abundance of Triatoma infestans infected with Trypanosoma cruzi in the Argentine Chaco

Avaliação do sistema de vigilância entomológica da doença de Chagas com participação comunitária em Mambaí e Buritinópolis, Estado de Goiás

Domestic (re)infestation risk with the main vector Triatoma infestans increases with surrounding green vegetation and social vulnerability in the Argentine Chaco

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