The control of gut motility

Olsson, Caroline; Holmgren, Susanne

doi:10.1016/s1095-6433(00)00330-5

Cited by 228 publications

(168 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…Researchers state that all vertebrates have this type of endocrine cell in the DT, assuming that these cells' location is based on the evolution of these higher life forms [50] . It is known that in fish, serotonin promotes gastrointestinal motility [51] and blood flow, in the latter case by triggering vasoconstriction [52,53] . In O. hepsetus, 5-HT-IR cells were observed only in the regions of the stomach, both in the lining epithelium and the glandular epithelium, as also observed in C. herzi by Lee et al [44] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunohistochemical study of the digestive tract ofOligosarcus hepsetus

Vieira-Lopes

Pinheiro²,

Sales³

et al. 2013

WJG

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AIM:To describe the histology of the digestive tract and to investigate the occurrence of endocrine cells in Oligosarcus hepsetus (O. hepsetus ). METHODS:The digestive tract (DT) of O. hepsetus was divided into esophagus, two stomach regions (glandular and non-glandular) and two intestinal regions (anterior and posterior). These specimens were processed by routine histological techniques and stained with hematoxylin-eosin, Gomori's trichrome, periodic acid Schiff (PAS) and Alcian blue (AB). An immunohistochemical method using avidin-biotin-peroxidase was employed. RESULTS:The esophagus is lined with a non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium that is reactive to PAS and AB. The stomach has a mucosa lined with a simple columnar epithelium with mucus-secreting cells that are reactive only to PAS. The intestine has a simple columnar epithelium with a brush border and goblet cells that are reactive to PAS and AB. Somatostatin, serotonin and cholecystokinin immunoreactive cells were identified throughout the DT. CONCLUSION:This study revealed adaptations for the species' diet and showed that the distribution and relative frequency of immunoreactive cells are similar to those of other fish.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunohistochemical study of the digestive tract ofOligosarcus hepsetus

Vieira-Lopes

Pinheiro²,

Sales³

et al. 2013

WJG

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“…In gastrointestinal motility, the smooth muscle cells form an electrical syncytium that is innervated by hundreds of excitatory and inhibitory motor neurons. Among them, excitatory stimuli are exerted by tachykinins (for instance, substance P), Ach, and 5-HT (Hansen, 2003a;Kunze & Furness, 1999;Olsson & Holmgren, 2001). Indeed, the enteric nervous system is a potential target for pharmacological treatment of gut motor disorders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal effect of methanol extract ofRadix Aucklandiaeand selected active substances on the transit activity of rat isolated intestinal strips

Guo

Zhang

Gao

et al. 2014

Pharmaceutical Biology

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Context: Radix Aucklandiae, the dry rhizome of Aucklandia lappa Decne (Asteraceae), enjoyed traditional popularity for its antidiarrheal effects. Although there are many investigations on its chemical constituents and pharmacologic actions, few studies explaining its activity and mechanism in gastrointestinal disorders are available. Objective: In this paper, we focused on the effects of the methanol extract of R. Aucklandiae (RA ext) on gastrointestinal tract, so as to assess some of the possible mechanisms involved in the clinical treatment. Materials and methods: In vivo, in neostigmine-induced mice and normal mice, after intragastric administration, RA ext (100, 200, 300, and 400 mg/kg) was studied on gastrointestinal transit including gastric emptying and small intestinal motility. Meanwhile, in vitro, the effect of it (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 mg/mL) on the isolated tissue preparations of rat jejunum was also investigated, as well as costunolide and dehydrocostuslactone which were the main constituents. Results: In vivo, the gastric emptying increased and intestinal transit decreased after the administration of RA ext in normal mice. However, RA ext inhibited the gastric emptying and the intestinal transit throughout the concentrations in neostigmine-induced mice. In vitro, RA ext caused inhibitory effect on the spontaneous contraction of rat-isolated jejunum in a dose-dependent manner ranging from 0.1 to 0.4 mg/mL, and it also relaxed the acetylcholine chloride (Ach, 10 À5 M), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, 200 mM)-induced, and K + (60 mM)-induced contractions. RA ext shifted the Ca 2+ concentration-response curves to right, similar to that caused by verapamil (0.025 mM). The Ca 2+ concentration-response curves were shifted by costunolide (CO) (5.4, 8.1, and 10.8 mg/mL), dehydrocostuslactone (DE) (4.6, 6.9, and 9.2 mg/mL), costunolide-dehydrocostuslactone (CO-DE) (5. 4-4.6, 8.1-6.9, and 10.8-9.2 mg/mL) to the right, similar to that caused by verapamil (0.01 mM). Discussion and conclusion: These results indicate that RA ext played a spasmolytic role in gastrointestinal motility, which is probably mediated through the inhibition of muscarinic receptors, 5-HT receptors, and calcium influx. The presence of cholinergic and calcium antagonist constituents may be the compatibility of CO and DE. All these results provide a pharmacological basis for its clinical use in the gastrointestinal tract. KeywordsCholinergic and calcium antagonist, gastric emptying, intestinal smooth muscle, small intestinal motility History

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“…12,13 NO is considered the predominant inhibitory neurotransmitter in gastrointestinal smooth muscles. 14,15 The purinergic neurotransmitter is inhibitory on gastrointestinal smooth muscles and has long been thought to be ATP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrergic Pathway Is the Major Mechanism for the Effect of DA-9701 on the Rat Gastric Fundus Relaxation

Ye¹,

Ko²,

Lee³

et al. 2014

J Neurogastroenterol Motil

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Background/Aims DA-9701 significantly improved gastric accommodation by increasing the postprandial gastric volume. In this study, we investigated how DA-9701 affects the rat gastric fundus relaxation. MethodsGastric fundus muscle strips (9 longitudinal and 7 circular muscles) were obtained from rats. Electrical field stimulation (EFS) was performed at various frequencies (1, 5, 10 and 20 Hz) and train durations (1, 5, 10 and 20 seconds) to select optimal condition for experiments. Isometric force measurements were performed in response to EFS. Peak and nadir were observed during the first 1 minute after initiation of EFS in control state and after sequential addition of atropine (1 μM), DA-9701 (0.5, 5, 25 and 50 μg), N-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA, 100 μM), MRS2500 (1 μM) and tetrodotoxin (TTX, 1 μM) to the organ bath. ResultsThe optimal frequency and duration of EFS to evoke nerve-mediated relaxation was determined as 5 Hz for 10 seconds. Addition of L-NNA in the presence of atropine and DA-9701 (50 μg) decreased nadir by inhibiting relaxation from −0.054 ± 0.021 g to −0.022 ± 0.015 g (P = 0.026) in longitudinal muscles. However, subsequent application of MRS2500 in the presence of atropine, DA-9701 (50 μg) and L-NNA did not affect nadir. In circular muscles, subsequent addition of L-NNA and MRS2500 in the presence of atropine and DA-9701 (50 μg) did not show significant change of nadir. ConclusionsOur data suggest that the effect of DA-9701 on the rat gastric fundus relaxation is mainly mediated by nitrergic rather than purinergic pathway.

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The control of gut motility

Cited by 228 publications

References 109 publications

Immunohistochemical study of the digestive tract ofOligosarcus hepsetus

Immunohistochemical study of the digestive tract ofOligosarcus hepsetus

Gastrointestinal effect of methanol extract ofRadix Aucklandiaeand selected active substances on the transit activity of rat isolated intestinal strips

Nitrergic Pathway Is the Major Mechanism for the Effect of DA-9701 on the Rat Gastric Fundus Relaxation

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