The control systems engineering foundation of traditional Indian medicine: the Rosetta Stone for Siddha and Ayurveda

Ayyadurai, V. A. Shiva

doi:10.1504/ijsse.2014.064836

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 76 publications

(71 reference statements)

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“…Reductionist thinking and the central dogma theory of Watson and Crick [48] had emphasized that genes alone are what make us who we are [49]. Systems biology rose in response to this reductionism and focuses attention not on just on one part, such as the genome, but on the complex interaction of systems of systems across genes, proteins, and complex molecular pathways, which are all influenced by an epigenetic layer [50] affected by both endogenous and exogenous systems including nutrition, environment, and perhaps, even thoughts [30].…”

Section: Systems Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These may involve a multi-layered, hierarchical approach, wherein the overall signaling network, at one layer, is modeled in terms of effective "circuit" or "algorithm" modules [30], and then at other layers, each module is correspondingly modeled with more detailed incorporation of its actual underlying biochemical/biophysical molecular interactions [63]. The mammalian cell may be considered as a central signaling network connected to various cellular machines that are responsible for phenotypic functions.…”

Section: Computational Systems Biology: Modeling Molecular Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Do GMOs Accumulate Formaldehyde and Disrupt Molecular Systems Equilibria? Systems Biology May Provide Answers

Ayyadurai¹,

Deonikar²

2015

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Safety assessment of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) is a contentious topic. Proponents of GMOs assert that GMOs are safe since the FDA's policy of substantial equivalence considers GMOs "equivalent" to their non-GMO counterparts, and argue that genetic modification (GM) is simply an extension of a "natural" process of plant breeding, a form of "genetic modification", though done over longer time scales. Anti-GMO activists counter that GMOs are unsafe since substantial equivalence is unscientific and outdated since it originates in the 1970s to assess safety of medical devices, which are not comparable to the complexity of biological systems, and contend that targeted GM is not plant breeding. The heart of the debate appears to be on the methodology used to determine criteria for substantial equivalence. Systems biology, which aims to understand complexity of the whole organism, as a system, rather than just studying its parts in a reductionist manner, may provide a framework to determine appropriate criteria, as it recognizes that GM, small or large, may affect emergent properties of the whole system. Herein, a promising computational systems biology method couples known perturbations on five biomolecules caused by the CP4 EPSPS GM of Glycine max L. (soybean), with an integrative model of C1 metabolism and oxidative stress (two molecular systems critical to plant function). The results predict significant accumulation of formaldehyde and concomitant depletion of glutathione in the GMO, suggesting how a "small" and single GM creates "large" and systemic perturbations to molecular systems equilibria. Regulatory agencies, currently reviewing rules for GMO safety, may wish to adopt a systems biology approach using a combination of in silico, computational methods used herein, and subsequent targeted experimental in vitro and in vivo designs, to develop a systems understanding of "equivalence" using biomarkers, such as formaldehyde and glutathione, which predict metabolic disruptions, towards modernizing the safety assessment of GMOs.

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Section: Systems Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Computational Systems Biology: Modeling Molecular Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do GMOs Accumulate Formaldehyde and Disrupt Molecular Systems Equilibria? Systems Biology May Provide Answers

Ayyadurai¹,

Deonikar²

2015

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Presentation of logic and reasoning in Ayurveda. Building epistemologies of the South

Namboothiri,

Lakshmanan,

Mannivanan

et al. 2024

rechercheseducations

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A collaboration of academic and non-academic researchers examines the logic and reasoning of Ayurveda, an ancient Indian medical system. Ayurveda views health as a dynamic balance between the “Tridoshas” and emphasizes intrinsic host-centered factors for disease prevention and management, including for COVID-19. The foundations of Ayurveda, built on philosophical schools like Sankhya, Nyaya and Vaiseshika, use logic and deductive reasoning to build a solid epistemological framework. This logic weaves a rigorous mesh structuring the practice of Ayurveda and is found even in the naming of diseases, emphasizing the importance of rationality in this process. The limits of the reductionist vision of Western science are highlighted by the holistic perspectives of Ayurveda in the interconnected and global understanding of life and health. The injustices faced by Ayurveda due to the dominance of biomedicine call for medical and scientific cooperation that is ethical and respectful of different medical systems to address global health challenges. The recognition of epistemologies from the South, such as those of Ayurveda, in global academic and scientific discourses, gives the reader the possibility of perceiving the complexity of our World and the plurality of our relationship to Life in order to enrich understanding. of Health and to promote the practice of cooperative medicine.

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The control systems engineering foundation of traditional Indian medicine: the Rosetta Stone for Siddha and Ayurveda

Cited by 2 publications

References 76 publications

Do GMOs Accumulate Formaldehyde and Disrupt Molecular Systems Equilibria? Systems Biology May Provide Answers

Do GMOs Accumulate Formaldehyde and Disrupt Molecular Systems Equilibria? Systems Biology May Provide Answers

Presentation of logic and reasoning in Ayurveda. Building epistemologies of the South

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