The controversial role of <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> in colorectal cancer

Almeida, Carolina Vieira De; Taddei, Antonio; Amedei, Amedeo

doi:10.1177/1756284818783606

Cited by 133 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 111 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The discovery of E. faecalis as a leak pathogen is particularly important as it is the most common pathogen to be cultured from a leaking anastomosis in patients and the most difficult to eradicate from the intestinal tract. Although E. faecalis is classified as a low‐abundance commensal species among the normal microbiota, when properly provoked, it can bloom and behave as a virulent pathogen.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-fat/high-fibre diet prehabilitation improves anastomotic healing via the microbiome: an experimental model

Hyoju

Adriaansens

Wienholts

et al. 2020

Journal of British Surgery

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Both obesity and the presence of collagenolytic bacterial strains (Enterococcus faecalis) can increase the risk of anastomotic leak. The aim of this study was to determine whether mice chronically fed a high-fat Western-type diet (WD) develop anastomotic leak in association with altered microbiota, and whether this can be mitigated by a short course of standard chow diet (SD; low fat/high fibre) before surgery.Methods: Male C57BL/6 mice were assigned to either SD or an obesogenic WD for 6 weeks followed by preoperative antibiotics and colonic anastomosis. Microbiota were analysed longitudinally after operation and correlated with healing using an established anastomotic healing score. In reiterative experiments, mice fed a WD for 6 weeks were exposed to a SD for 2, 4 and 6 days before colonic surgery, and anastomotic healing and colonic microbiota analysed.Results: Compared with SD-fed mice, WD-fed mice demonstrated an increased risk of anastomotic leak, with a bloom in the abundance of Enterococcus in lumen and expelled stool (65-90 per cent for WD versus 4-15 per cent for SD; P = 0⋅010 for lumen, P = 0⋅013 for stool). Microbiota of SD-fed mice, but not those fed WD, were restored to their preoperative composition after surgery. Anastomotic healing was significantly improved when WD-fed mice were exposed to a SD diet for 2 days before antibiotics and surgery (P < 0⋅001).

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-fat/high-fibre diet prehabilitation improves anastomotic healing via the microbiome: an experimental model

Hyoju

Adriaansens

Wienholts

et al. 2020

Journal of British Surgery

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The changes in the number of specific bacterial strains contribute to CRC development [18]. The occurrence of environmental changes caused by neoplastic formation may contribute to the uncontrolled growth of Enterococcus faecalis [23••], thus increasing the possibility of new mutations that can modify virulence, becoming a potentially harmful factor for epithelium [24]. In addition, E. faecalis was found to be involved in morphine-induced intestinal dysbiosis.…”

Section: Opioids Affect Gut Microbiome Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opioids in Cancer Development, Progression and Metastasis: Focus on Colorectal Cancer

Szczepaniak

Fichna

Zielińska

2020

Curr. Treat. Options in Oncol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Colorectal cancer I Endogenous opioid system I Opioid receptors I Opioids I Opium Abbreviations COX-2 cyclooxygenase-2. _ CRC colorectal cancer. _ DCs dendritic cells. _ DEN diethylnitrosamine. _ GPCR Gprotein-coupled receptors. _ IBD inflammatory bowel disease. _ IL-1β interleukin 1β. _ IL-6 interleukin 6. _ MMT methadone maintenance treatment. _ MOR mu opioid receptor. _ n-Cdh n-cadherin. _ NK natural killer cell. _ Nx propofol with epidural anesthesia. _ PGE2 prostaglandin E2. _ TJ tight junction. _ TLR toll-like receptor. _ TNFα tumor necrosis factor α. _ TPA 2-o-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate. _ uPA urokinase plasminogen activator. _ ZO zonulaoccludens. Opinion statement So far, opioids have been successfully used to reduce cancer pain in patients in order to improve their quality of life. However, the use of opioids leads to numerous side effects such as constipation, drowsiness, nausea, itching, increased sweating and hormonal changes. In this review, we described the action of opioids in several molecular pathways significant for maintenance of the intestinal homeostasis including the impact on the intestinal epithelium integrity, changes in microbiome composition, modulation of the immune system or induction of apoptosis and inhibition of angiogenesis. We summed up the role of individual opioids in the processes involved in the growth and development of cancer and elucidated if targeting opioid receptors may constitute novel therapeutic option in colon cancer.

show abstract

“…Amongst tumour genera of gut origin, Bacteroides, Escherichia-Shigella, Coprobacter, Coprococcus 1, Peptoclostridium (ex Clostridium di cile) [69], Howardella, Prevotella 1, Romboutsia, Eggerthella, Morganella, Enterococcus were previously associated with tumour mucosa [6,8,11,30,[69][70][71], while Lachnoclostridium, Flavonifractor [72,73], Sutterella and Hungatella (ex-Clostridium hathewayi) [74] were only reported increased in stool of patients with CRC.…”

Section: Tumour Crc Microbial Subtypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tumour Microbiome-Based Subtypes of Colorectal Cancer Correlate with Clinical Variables

Zwinsová¹,

Петров²,

Hrivňáková³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundLong-term dysbiosis of the gut microbiome has a significant impact on the development, progression and the aggressiveness of colorectal cancer (CRC) and may explain part of the observed heterogeneity of the disease from phenotypic, prognostic and response to treatment perspectives. Although the shifts in gut microbiome in the normal-adenoma-carcinoma sequence have been described, the landscape of microbiome within CRC and its associations with clinical variables remain under-explored. ResultsWe performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing of paired tumour tissue, adjacent visually-normal mucosa and stool swabs of N=186 patients with stage 0-IV CRC to describe the tumour microbiome and its association with clinical variable and to derive tumour microbial subtypes.We identified new genera never previously associated with CRC tumour mucosa (Flavonifractor, Haemophilus, Howardella, Pseudomonas, Sutterella, Treponema 2) or CRC (Actinobacillus, Aggregatibacter, Bergeyella, Phocaeiola, Defluviitaleaceae UCG-011, Massilia, Tyzzerella 4). The bacteria residing on tumour-mucosa were dominated by genera belonging to (potential) oral pathogens. Based on tumour microbial profiles, we stratified CRC patients into three subtypes. The subtypes were significantly associated with prognostic factors such as tumor grade, primary tumour sidedness and TNM staging, with one subtype enriched in tumours with poor prognosis. Further, we inspected the associations of microbiome with clinical variables in a subtype-agnostic setting. The primary tumour-associated clinical variables predominantly correlated with tumour mucosal microbiome, while the presence of local and distant metastases was mostly associated with the stool microbiome.ConclusionsUnderstanding the interactions of the bacteria residing on tumour mucosa within different CRC tumour microbiome subtypes will help to better understand the underlying biological background of the heterogeneity of this disease. Indeed, the tumour microbiome is a possible source of additional integrative markers of CRC patients’ survival and prognosis. We found that CRC microbiome is strongly correlated with clinical variables, but these associations are dependent on the microbial environment (tumour mucosa, normal mucosa, stool). Our study thus identifies limitations of the usage of microbiome composition as marker of CRC progression, suggesting the need of combining several sampling sites (e.g. stool and tumour swabs).

show abstract

The controversial role of Enterococcus faecalis in colorectal cancer

Cited by 133 publications

References 111 publications

Low-fat/high-fibre diet prehabilitation improves anastomotic healing via the microbiome: an experimental model

Low-fat/high-fibre diet prehabilitation improves anastomotic healing via the microbiome: an experimental model

Opioids in Cancer Development, Progression and Metastasis: Focus on Colorectal Cancer

Tumour Microbiome-Based Subtypes of Colorectal Cancer Correlate with Clinical Variables

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About