2009
DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2009.03.001
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The conversion of polyaniline nanotubes to nitrogen-containing carbon nanotubes and their comparison with multi-walled carbon nanotubes

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Cited by 170 publications
(105 citation statements)
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“…Comparison of Figure 3a,b at the same area before and after annealing, shows that the overall shape of the nanofibers is retained; however, both the width and the height of PANI nanofibers are significantly reduced to about 50% after annealing (Figure 3c). This is consistent with previous reports that PANI undergoes dehydrogenation and cross-linking of adjacent chains upon high temperature pyrolysis, and that the weight of polyacetylene (PA) films/fibers [49][50][51] and PANI films/tubes [52][53][54][55][56][57][58] is reduced after pyrolysis while retaining the fibril morphology. I-V characteristics of the PANI nanofibers on G/SiC electrodes before annealing show that the adjacent G/SiC leads are electrically connected due to the PANI nanofibers contacting the two adjacent G/SiC electrodes.…”
Section: Characterization Of Graphene-nanofiber Devices Before and Afsupporting
confidence: 93%
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“…Comparison of Figure 3a,b at the same area before and after annealing, shows that the overall shape of the nanofibers is retained; however, both the width and the height of PANI nanofibers are significantly reduced to about 50% after annealing (Figure 3c). This is consistent with previous reports that PANI undergoes dehydrogenation and cross-linking of adjacent chains upon high temperature pyrolysis, and that the weight of polyacetylene (PA) films/fibers [49][50][51] and PANI films/tubes [52][53][54][55][56][57][58] is reduced after pyrolysis while retaining the fibril morphology. I-V characteristics of the PANI nanofibers on G/SiC electrodes before annealing show that the adjacent G/SiC leads are electrically connected due to the PANI nanofibers contacting the two adjacent G/SiC electrodes.…”
Section: Characterization Of Graphene-nanofiber Devices Before and Afsupporting
confidence: 93%
“…In the pristine form, the Raman spectra of PANI nanofibers show complex peaks that indicates PANI nanofibers. Raman spectroscopy on the annealed PANI nanofiber bundles shows that the PANI nanofibers become amorphous carbon nanofibers as confirmed by the broad D (1353 cm −1 ) and G bands (1590 cm −1 ) of graphite (Figure 4b) [49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59]. In contrast, the G/SiC remained intact after annealing as shown in Figure 4b.…”
Section: Characterization Of Graphene-nanofiber Devices Before and Afmentioning
confidence: 85%
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“…Decomposition is clearly reflected in the C/N ratio that interestingly increases to a moderate value of 10.5. During the carbonization of PANI, it is possible that phenazine-like cross-linked units [21] are formed by the cross-linking of PANI chains accounting for the 71% of carbon and 12% nitrogen (leading to a C/N ratio of ∼6.0), as is proved by the spectral analysis reported below. Prolonged heat treatment, nevertheless, leads to the decomposition of the phenazine like carbon structure facilitating a decrease in carbon and nitrogen content as observed and these expected processes are proposed in Figure 1.…”
Section: Electrochemical Measurementsmentioning
confidence: 81%
“…5), and the phenazines nucleus form various fine structure [33,34]. The polymerization of aniline mechanism based on the nuclei was previously studied [35][36][37]. In this study, the polymerization of aniline proceeds in this mechanism on the molecular substrates.…”
Section: Esr Spectramentioning
confidence: 92%