The correlates of current smoking among adult Métis: Evidence from the Aboriginal Peoples Survey and Métis Supplement

Ryan, Christopher; Cooke, Martin; Leatherdale, Scott T.; Kirkpatrick, Sharon I.; Wilk, Piotr

doi:10.17269/cjph.106.5053

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Based on a priori findings demonstrating associations to self-perceived general and mental health, covariates included age, sex, education, income, identity, residential school attendance, language spoken, smoking, and alcohol use ( 42 , 44 , 48 ). Sex was reported dichotomously (male and female) in the 2012 APS and was reported as “Male,” “Female,” “Valid Skip,” “Don't Know,” “Refusal,” and “Not Stated” in the 2017 APS.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, all 2017 responses were either “Male” or “Female” thus only responses of “Male” or “Female” were included in analyses. Education was trichotomized as “less than high school,” “high school or equivalent,” and “more than high school” to correspond with similar studies ( 42 , 44 , 49 ). The seven APS levels of income were collapsed to four: “ < $10,000,” “between $10,000–$30,000,” “between $30,000–$50,000,” and “$50,000 and more” in the previous year to align with Statistics Canada's 2011 Low-Income Cut-Offs ( 50 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Participants were asked if they smoked cigarettes “daily,” “occasionally,” or “not at all.” We dichotomized smoking to current and non-smokers, in accordance with Ryan et al ( 44 ). In the 2012 APS, alcohol consumption was defined through query of: “How often in the past 12 months have you had five or more drinks on one occasion.” In the 2017 APS, the corresponding question asked: “How often in the past 12 months have you had [five/four] or more drinks on one occasion.” We combined responses with a previous query on any alcohol consumption to create a variable indicating frequency of drinking 5 or more drinks in a single occasion in past year: “no alcohol use,” “never 5 or more drinks,” “5 or more drinks less than once a month,” “5 or more drinks once or more times per month.”…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These responses were dichotomized following a previously used and validated method (37)(38)(39)(40). Responses were collapsed to Good (which included "Excellent, " "Very Good" and "Good"), and Poor (which included "Fair" and "Poor") for comparison with common groupings in other APS studies (40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45). Self-perceived health status accounts for individually held values and relevant influences including age, sex, and socio-demographic characteristics (46).…”

Section: Primary Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Traditional activities and general and mental health of adult Indigenous peoples living off-reserve in Canada

Kassem,

Harris,

Edwards-Wheesk

et al. 2024

Front. Public Health

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IntroductionWe examined associations between traditional Indigenous activities and self-perceived general and mental health in adult Indigenous persons living off-reserve in Canada using the 2012 and 2017 Aboriginal Peoples Surveys (APS), the two most recent datasets. We utilized four traditional Indigenous activities including hunting, making clothes or footwear, making arts or crafts, and gathering wild plants to investigate these self-reported data.MethodsData from 9,430 and 12,598 respondents from the 2012 and 2017 APS, respectively, who responded to 15 questions concerning traditional activities were assessed using multivariable logistic regression to produce odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Covariates included age, sex, education-level, income-level, Indigenous identity, residential school connection, ability to speak an Indigenous language, smoking status, and alcohol consumption frequency.ResultsUsing the 2012 APS, clothes-making was associated with poor self-reported general (OR = 1.50, 95%CI: 1.12–1.99) and mental (OR = 1.59, 95%CI: 1.14–2.21) health. Hunting was associated with good mental health (OR = 0.71 95%CI: 0.56–0.93). Similarly, 2017 analyses found clothes-making associated with poor general health (OR = 1.25, 95%CI: 1.01–1.54), and hunting associated with good general (OR = 0.76, 95%CI: 0.64–0.89) and mental (OR = 0.69, 95%CI: 0.58–0.81) health. Artmaking was associated with poor general (OR = 1.37, 95%CI: 1.17–1.60) and mental (OR = 1.85, 95%CI: 1.58–2.17) health.ConclusionHunting had protective relationships with mental and general health, which may reflect benefits of participation or engagement of healthier individuals in this activity. Clothes-making and artmaking were associated with poor general and poor mental health, possibly representing reverse causation as these activities are often undertaken therapeutically. These findings have implications for future research, programs and policies concerning Indigenous health.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Primary Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Traditional activities and general and mental health of adult Indigenous peoples living off-reserve in Canada

Kassem,

Harris,

Edwards-Wheesk

et al. 2024

Front. Public Health

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“…This necessity of context has been noted in relation to both individual-and community-level data. King (2015) emphasized the requirement of focus groups or discussion circles to provide frame of reference for the findings from a study by Ryan, Cooke, Leatherdale, Kirkpatrick, and Wilk (2015) that traditional language use is related to smoking. Walls, Whitbeck, and Armenta (2016) actually carried out the recommendation touted by King (2015) and this paper and demonstrated that the relationships between Aboriginal spirituality and poorer psychological outcomes were reduced once perceived discrimination and historical losses were accounted for statistically.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Nations Community Well-Being Research and Large Data Sets: A Respectful Caution

Drawson¹,

Mushquash²,

Mushquash³

2017

IJIH

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Health researchers are increasingly encouraged to use large, community-level data sets to examine factors that promote or diminish health, including social determinants. First Nations people in Canada experience disparity in a range of social determinants of health that result in relatively low community well-being scores, when compared to non-First Nations people. However, First Nations people also possess unique protective factors that enhance well-being, such as traditional language usage. Large data sets offer First Nations a new avenue for advocating for supports and services to decrease health inequity while developing culture-based evidence. However, care must be taken to ensure that these data are interpreted appropriately. In this paper, we respectfully offer a cautionary note on the importance of understanding culture and context when conducting First Nations health research with large data sets. We have framed this caution through a narrative presentation of a simple and concrete example. We then outline some approaches to research that can ensure appropriate development of research questions and interpretation of research findings.

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Factors Associated With Current Smoking Among Off-Reserve First Nations and Métis Youth: Results From the 2012 Aboriginal Peoples Survey

2016

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First Nations and Métis, two of Canada's constitutionally recognized Indigenous groups, suffer from poorer overall health than non-Indigenous Canadians. Current smoking, a known predictor of chronic health conditions, is close to twice as prevalent among Indigenous youth as it is among non-Indigenous Canadian youth. However, little population-level research has examined the correlates of current smoking among this population. Guided by a health framework centered on Indigenous-specific determinants, we used data from the 2012 Aboriginal Peoples Survey to examine the correlates of current smoking among First Nations and Métis youth aged 15-17 years living outside of First Nations reserves. Using binary logistic regression, we investigated how culturally specific factors, namely knowledge of an Indigenous language, participation in traditional activities, and family members' attendance at residential schools, were correlated with current smoking. We also considered demographic, geographic, socioeconomic and health-related correlates. Overall, an estimated 20.6% of First Nations and Métis youth reported current smoking. We found no significant associations between culturally specific activities and current smoking in the multivariate analyses, although those who spoke an Indigenous language were more likely to smoke. Those who participated in sports more often were less likely to smoke, and respondents who reported heavy drinking and who were from families with lower income were more likely to smoke. Gender, body mass index, urban/rural geography and regional geography, and mother's highest level of education were not significantly correlated with smoking. The results of our study support prior research that has found a disturbingly high prevalence of current smoking among Indigenous youth, compared to their non-Indigenous counterparts. Our results highlight the importance of considering sports participation, co-occurring health-risk behaviours and socioeconomic factors when developing interventions aimed at reducing the prevalence of smoking among First Nations and Métis youth.

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The correlates of current smoking among adult Métis: Evidence from the Aboriginal Peoples Survey and Métis Supplement

Cited by 12 publications

References 13 publications

Traditional activities and general and mental health of adult Indigenous peoples living off-reserve in Canada

Traditional activities and general and mental health of adult Indigenous peoples living off-reserve in Canada

First Nations Community Well-Being Research and Large Data Sets: A Respectful Caution

Factors Associated With Current Smoking Among Off-Reserve First Nations and Métis Youth: Results From the 2012 Aboriginal Peoples Survey

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