The Correlation between Dietary Selenium Intake and Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Population-Based Study on North Chinese Adults

Abstract

The relationship between selenium (Se) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains controversial. In previous animal and cell studies, Se was found to be insulin mimic and antidiabetic, whereas recent epidemiological and interventional trials have shown an unexpected association between high Se intake and increased risk of T2D. The present study aimed to investigate the significance of dietary Se and T2D in North Chinese adults. A large sample of the population was enrolled through cluster sampling in Northern China (N=8824). Information on basic characteristics, anthropometric measures, and dietary Se intake was collected from each subject for analysis. Multivariable logistic regression was used to investigate the association between dietary Se and T2D through adjusted odds ratio (OR) and the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). The average nutritional Se intake was 52.43 μg/day, and the prevalence of T2D was 20.4% in the studied population. The OR for developing T2D was 1.66 (95% CI: 1.38, 1.99; P for linear trend <0.005), comparing the highest to the lowest quintile of energy-adjusted Se intake in multivariate logistic regression analysis. The mediation analysis discovered that glucose metabolism (indicated by FBG and HbA1c) mediated this association. In conclusion, our research adds further support to the role of high dietary Se in the incidence of T2D. The results also suggested that this association was mediated by glucose metabolism.

Dietary Selenium Intake and Type-2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Population-Based Study on CUME Project

“…The same increase in daily intake found in Italy led to a rise in the prevalence of T2D by 12% (OR: 1.12; CI: 95 %: 1.06-1.18) (4). Siddiqi et al (45) also found a positive linear association in a population of 8,824 adults in Heilongjiang province in northern China. The dietary intake of Se was associated with an elevated risk of T2D in both genders.…”

“…Other types of studies, such as cross-sectional, case control, and cohort, have divergent results. Cross-sectional studies with the American population (40,41,45) identified that high serum Se levels were positively associated with the prevalence of diabetes. A cohort study found that plasma Se was marginally significantly related to the occurrence of blood glucose changes in males but not in females (46).…”

“…In addition, since the participants are young, perhaps a longer exposure time to high selenium values will be necessary for this outcome (T2D) to be evident. Nevertheless, some epidemiological research on the association between selenium and fT2D mentioned in this article also used an estimate of the selenium dietary intake assessed by means of a food record (13,14,45,49).…”

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“…The results of the study of Kim et al [9] were in line with our study. In the study of Siddiqi et al [16], the rate of smoking in the group of diabetic patients was significantly higher in the group of healthy people. In terms of daily exercise in the group of patients with diabetes there was a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05).…”

“…The results of the study by Akinloye et al [15], like the study by, were in line with the results obtained in our study and showed that diabetes increases serum copper levels in patients with type 2 diabetes. In the study of Siddiqi et al [16], patients with insulin resistance based on HOMA-IR formula in the group of patients with diabetes was significantly higher in the group of patients with diabetes (P<0.05). In the study of Kim et al (9), the level of insulin resistance significantly more in the group of obese patients than compared with healthy individuals.…”