The Correlation Between Schizophrenic Patients' Level of Internalized Stigma and Their Level of Hope

Olçun, Zeynep; Altun, Özlem Şahın

doi:10.1016/j.apnu.2017.03.001

Cited by 35 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Similarly, Yilmaz and Okanli found that the stigma status of schizophrenic patients was higher compared to the other psychiatric illness groups. Olçun and Altuntaş also found in their study that the stigma of schizophrenic patients was high. Furthermore, Brohan et al.’s study found that the stigma rate was high for schizophrenic patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Effect of internalized stigma on functional recovery in patients with schizophrenia

Çapar

Budak

2018

Perspect Psychiatr Care

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Effect of internalized stigma on functional recovery in patients with schizophrenia

Çapar

Budak

2018

Perspect Psychiatr Care

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“…A meta-analysis conducted in 2008 revealed that most studies reported hope was negatively correlated with the mental health disorders of depression and anxiety but positively correlated with subjective health, quality of life and self-esteem and [85]. A more recent study reported that hope was negatively correlated in persons with schizophrenia, with levels of internalized stigma, but positively correlated with resistance to stigma [86]. The hope scale was also negatively correlated with locally developed depression and stress scales at strengths that were mild to moderate when compared to the PHQ-9 depression scores, most likely because the local scales were developed in similar populations of PLH and in local culture thus the items may be clearer and have greater resonance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The value of hope: development and validation of a contextual measure of hope among people living with HIV in urban Tanzania a mixed methods exploratory sequential study

et al. 2020

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Background: Hope or hopefulness enhances coping and improves quality of life in persons with chronic or incurable illnesses. Lack of hope is associated with depression and anxiety, which impact negatively on quality of life. In Tanzania, where HIV prevalence is high, the rates of depression and anxiety are over four times higher among people living with HIV (PLH) compared to persons not infected and contribute annual mortality among PLH. Tanzania has a shortage of human resources for mental health, limiting access to mental health care. Evidence-based psychosocial interventions can complement existing services and improve access to quality mental health services in the midst of human resource shortages. Facilitating hope can be a critical element of nonpharmacological interventions which are underutilized, partly due to limited awareness and lack of hope measures, adapted to accommodate cultural context and perspectives of PLH. To address this gap, we developed and validated a local hope measure among PLH in Tanzania. Methods: Two-phased mixed methods exploratory sequential study among PLH. Phase I was Hope-related items identification using deductive, inductive approaches and piloting. Phase II was an evaluation of psychometric properties at baseline and 24 months. Classical test theory, exploratory, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used. Results: Among 722 PLH, 59% were women, mean age was 39.3 years, and majority had primary school level of education. A total of 40 hope items were reduced to 10 in a three-factor solution, explaining 69% of variance at baseline, and 93% at follow-up. Internal consistency Cronbach's alpha was 0.869 at baseline and 0.958 at follow-up. The three-factor solution depicted: positive affect; cognition of effectiveness of HIV care; and goals/plans/ future optimism. Test-retest reliability was good (r = 0.797) and a number of indices were positive for CFA model fit, including Comparative Fit Index of 0.984. Conclusion: The developed local hope scale had good internal reliability, validity, and its dimensionality was confirmed against expectations. The fewer items for hope assessment argue well for its use in busy clinical settings to improve HIV care in Tanzania. Hope in this setting could be more than cognitive goal thinking, pathway and motivation warranting more research. Trial registration: The intervention was registered in USA ClinicalTrials.gov on September 26, 2012, Registration number: NCT01693458.

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“…Moreover, perceived stigma negatively impacts the quality of life, physical, and mental well-being of people with schizophrenia [21,[28][29][30][31]. It is also linked with a poor level of functioning, poor adherence to drugs, and an increased dropout rate [9,32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and factors associated with higher levels of perceived stigma among people with schizophrenia Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Tesfaw

Kibru²,

Ayano

2020

Int J Ment Health Syst

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Background: Schizophrenia is a severe and disabling chronic mental disorder and accompanied by different levels of a perceived stigma that affects almost all age groups. This perceived stigma negatively impacts the quality of life, physical, and mental well-being of people with schizophrenia. It is also linked with a poor level of functioning, poor adherence to drugs, and increased dropout rate. However, research into perceived stigma and associated factors among people with schizophrenia in low-and middle-income countries are limited. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the perceived stigma and correlates among people with schizophrenia in Ethiopia. Methods: An institution based cross-sectional study was conducted from May to June 2018. A structured, pretested, and interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. The standardized perceived devaluation and discrimination questionnaire was used to assess perceived stigma. The systematic random sampling technique was used to select study participants. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with perceived stigma. An odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was computed to assess the strength of the association. Results: The prevalence of high perceived stigma was found to be 62.6% [95% CI 58.3, 67.4]. In the multivariate logistic regression, female sex [AOR = 2.30, 95% CI 1.42, 3.71], age of onset of schizophrenia [AOR = 1.85, 95% CI 1.19, 2.89], multiple hospitalizations [AOR = 1.7, 95% CI 1.16, 3.27], and duration of illness 1-5 years [AOR = 2, 95% CI 1.01, 3.27], 6-10 years [AOR = 2.48, 95% CI 1.29, 4.74], and ˃10 years [AOR = 2.85, 95% CI 1.40, 5.79] were factors significantly associated with higher perceived stigma. Conclusion: In the present study, the prevalence of high perceived stigma among people with schizophrenia was found to be 62.6%. Female sex, age of onset of schizophrenia, multiple hospitalizations, and duration of illness were factors significantly associated with higher perceived stigma. Measures to enhance the awareness of the patients, their families and their social networks about perceived stigma and associated factors, by the leading government and healthcare institutions are warranted.

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The Correlation Between Schizophrenic Patients' Level of Internalized Stigma and Their Level of Hope

Cited by 35 publications

References 31 publications

Effect of internalized stigma on functional recovery in patients with schizophrenia

Effect of internalized stigma on functional recovery in patients with schizophrenia

The value of hope: development and validation of a contextual measure of hope among people living with HIV in urban Tanzania a mixed methods exploratory sequential study

Prevalence and factors associated with higher levels of perceived stigma among people with schizophrenia Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

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