In recent years, with the popularization of higher education, quality problems have become increasingly prominent, and government documents often propose that the main task of education reform and development is to improve the quality of higher education. As a result, teaching evaluations have appeared one after another. Although various evaluation activities are carried out dynamically, expert evaluation has proven to be one of the most effective methods to ensure professional quality. This will help improve the quality of human resource development, promote regional economic development, improve the quality assurance system of higher education, and promote the formation of professional skills development mechanisms. This article studies the teaching evaluation index system and intelligent evaluation methods of vocational undergraduate pilot colleges, understands the relevant knowledge of the teaching evaluation index system on the basis of literature data, and then, constructs the teaching evaluation system of vocational undergraduate pilot colleges. The constructed system is tested, and the test results show that the error of the results of teacher self-evaluation and student evaluation is controlled within the two, which also verifies that the construction of the teaching ability evaluation index system this time is reasonable and scientific.