The Correlation of Central Serous Chorioretinopathy and Subsequent Cardiovascular Diseases of Different Types: A Population-Based Cohort Study

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to survey the relationship between central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) and several cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) with different severities using the National Health Insurance Research Database. A retrospective cohort study was conducted. Subjects with CSC were enrolled according to the relevant diagnostic codes, and an age-and gender-matched population was used as the control group with a 1:4 ratio. The main outcome being considered was the development of CVD after CSC exposure. Cox proportional hazard regression was applied to calculate the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of CSC and CVD of different types. A total of 2865 patients that were diagnosed with CSC were enrolled in the study group, while another 11,460 non-CSC subjects were selected as the control group. There were 171 events of CVD which occurred in the study group, while another 557 cases were found in the control group. No significant differences were observed among the CVD cases between the study and control group, whether they had an acute or chronic form, according to the aHR. In the subgroup analysis, there was a significantly higher risk of CVD development in the male population aged from 40 to 59 years (aHR: 1.351, confidence interval (CI): 1.063-1.716), which was mainly due to the higher risk of mild CVD (aHR: 1.391, CI: 1.062-1.822). On the contrary, there was no significant difference in CVD development in any of the age subgroups of the female population. In conclusion, the existence of CSC is correlated with a higher rate of chronic CVD occurrence in the middle-aged male population.

Intima-Media Thickness Measurements of the Common Carotid Artery in Patients with Central Serous Chorioretinopathy: A Case-Control Study

“…Another population-based cohort study recently discovered that the presence of CSCR is associated with a higher prevalence of chronic CVD in middleaged males. As a result, the findings from these populationbased cohort studies corroborate the current research regarding the relationship between CSCR and CVD [31].…”

Cerebral Neurovascular Coupling Impairment in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy

“…There is nowadays a suspicion that CSCR may be associated with a more generalized vascular systemic dysfunction, rather than just a localized choroidal malfunctioning [5, 27]. An endothelial dysfunction could potentially be present in CSCR, since it has been described in several cardiovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease and stroke, also reported in CSCR patients [5, 10, 11, 27, 28]. More recently, the recognition of an association between the aldosterone/mineralocorticoid receptor pathway and CSCR has encouraged the use of mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs) antagonist in its treatment [5].…”

Nailfold Videocapillaroscopy in Patients with Central Serous Chorioretinopathy and Its Relationship to Morphological and Functional Findings

“…Moreover, in smokers BCDVA and AT were significantly worse, therefore smoking may be regarded as the risk factor for worse visual outcome. Furthermore, smoking and the existence of CSC itself are correlated with a higher rate of chronic cardiovascular disease (CVD) occurrence in the middle-aged male population [15]. However, that connection is still under investigation [16][17][18][19][20].…”