2017
DOI: 10.15562/bmj.v6i3.752
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The correlation of smoking and noise induced hearing loss on workers at a palm oil factory X in Medan-Indonesia

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Cited by 6 publications
(5 citation statements)
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“…Four studies not published in Chinese or English were also excluded. Our meta-analysis includes 27 studies [7,[10][11][12][13]19,20,[28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47] in this meta-analysis. Selection details are shown in Figure 1.…”
Section: Literature Searchmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Four studies not published in Chinese or English were also excluded. Our meta-analysis includes 27 studies [7,[10][11][12][13]19,20,[28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47] in this meta-analysis. Selection details are shown in Figure 1.…”
Section: Literature Searchmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…may be independent factors or have a synergistic effect with noise to increase the risk of NIHL. Smoking is a risk factor for many illnesses, and many published studies [10][11][12][13] have suggested that it may also be associated with NIHL. Some toxic and harmful substances like nicotine from tobacco burning may affect hearing.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Noise is also suggested to have effects on various organs and systems such as gastrointestinal, respiratory, immune, reproductive, and neurogenic system [10]. According to WHO estimates, roughly 16 percent of the world's population is deafened due to workplace noise exposure [11,12].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Smoking has a direct ototoxic effect (with nicotine effects) and triggers cochlear ischemia through several mechanisms, such as producing carboxy hemoglobin, inducing vasospasm, increasing blood viscosity and worsening arteriosclerosis and endothelial dysfunction. So that smoking is considered to worsen the function of the cochlea (Sari et al, 2017). A person who smokes and is in an environment with a high noise frequency has a three times greater risk of experiencing hearing loss (Suma'mur, 2014).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%