The correlation of the Pliocene and Pleistocene marine beds of Britain and the Mediterranean

Baden-Powell, D. F. W.

doi:10.1016/s0016-7878(56)80001-1

Cited by 22 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The overlying marine sediments of the Tapes Zone contain infaunal molluscan assemblages that preferably lived in tidal at areas with Venerupis rhomboides and Cerastoderma decorticata as the most characteristic species (Bárðarson, 1925;Norton, 1975;Gladenkov et al, 1980). The boreal-lusitanian fauna of the Tapes Zone is Atlantic with a few species of Pacic ancestry, and similar to that of the Coralline Crag of East Anglia in England (Baden-Powell, 1955;Áskelsson, 1960;Durham and MacNeil, 1967). The fossil assemblages are considered to be death assemblages of the parautochthonous type where burrowing bivalve species are more often found with articulated valves and in life position.…”

Section: The Tjörnes Bedsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Tjörnes – Pliocene and Pleistocene sediments and faunas

Símonarson¹,

Eiríksson²

2008

Jök

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On the western side of the Tjörnes Peninsula in North Iceland a long sequence of fossiliferous marine sediments, basalts, and diamictites records the climatic history of the North Atlantic during the Pliocene and Lower Pleistocene. The Pliocene Tjörnes beds are divided in three biozones; the Tapes Zone (oldest), the Mactra Zone, and the Serripes Zone (youngest). The Tjörnes beds consist mainly of marine silt-and sandstones, but there are also several fossiliferous terrestrial beds in the lower part. The marine faunas in the Tapes and Mactra Zones are mainly boreal, but during the deposition of the Serripes Zone the fauna greatly diversied with immigration of Pacic molluscan species with more arctic elements. They reached the North Atlantic at 3.6 Ma after migration through the Bering Strait coeval with closing of the Central American Seaway. Marine molluscs of Pacic ancestry in the Tapes and Mactra Zones post-date also the rst opening of the Bering Strait. In the Breiðavík Group, diamictite beds alternate with volcaniclastic mudrocks and sandstones, and basaltic lava ows. Fourteen lithological cycles are identied in the Breiðavík Group each one starting with a diamictite interpreted as lodgement tillite and ending with terrestrial sediments and lava ows. Interbedded marine fossiliferous mudrocks and sandstones contain arctic to boreal faunal assemblages. The oldest cycle in the Breiðavík group was probably deposited about 2.5 Ma, just after the Gauss/Matuyama polarity reversal.

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Section: The Tjörnes Bedsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Tjörnes – Pliocene and Pleistocene sediments and faunas

Símonarson¹,

Eiríksson²

2008

Jök

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“…The feature can also be discerned in the Bramerton samples, though it is not so well marked in the Sidestrand fauna. Baden-Powell (1956) has observed it in other East Anglian deposits.…”

Section: (D) the Problem Of Climatic Interpretationmentioning

confidence: 83%

Marine molluscan assemblages in the Early Pleistocene of Sidestrand, Bramerton and the Royal Society borehole at Ludham, Norfolk

Norton

1967

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B

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An account of a quantitative study of Mollusca from three East Anglian sites is given and from this work the author defines a series of molluscan Assemblage Zones and attempts to interpret the ecological and depositional environment in which they accumulated. The interpretations are thought to have local rather than regional significance. In the basal assemblage zone at Ludham (L.M. 1) and in zone L.M. 2 next above, the death-assemblages contain many Red Crag and Coralline Crag species, not recorded from Harmer’s ‘Icenian Stage’ to which by his definition the Crag in the Ludham Borehole belongs. The L.M. 1 assemblage suggests deposition in sublittoral marine waters shallower than 50 m; the L.M. 2 assemblage suggests deposition at approximately 15 m. In zone L.M. 3 an association of mud-inhabiting bivalves dominated by Abra alba may have been in situ . Zone L.M. 4 is very poor in molluscs and the sediments are very silty. The zone L.M. 5 assemblage indicates deposition in less than 8 m of water; here the trend to shallower-water deposition of the assemblages culminates (the situation in zones L.M. 4 and L.M. 6 remaining obscure). The L.M. 5 and L.M. 6 assemblages, as regards their extant, intertidal species, resemble those of zones B.M. 1 and B.M. 2 (respectively) of the Bramerton Common sequence. This may indicate similar depositional conditions; yet each Ludham assemblage has proportionally more individuals of extant sublittoral species, which may indicate diachronism or changes of facies. At Sidestrand, the impoverished assemblage is interpreted as littorally deposited; it permits no analogy with the Bramerton and Ludham assemblages.

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“…It can be said immediately that Wood and Harmer's northerly tilt is by no means necessary to explain the climatic changes shown by the shells. It has been shown (Baden-Powell, 1955) that the climatic changes which took place in the Pliocene and Pleistocene Mediterranean were almost identical with those taking place in Britain; the changes in the Crag faunas could equally and more simply be explained by shifts in the climatic belts on western Europe than by Wood and Harmer's tilting. Furthermore, the distribution of the Coralline Crag cannot be held either to support or to disprove Longfield's tilting or Boswell's anticline.…”

Section: The Depth Of the Coralline Crag Seamentioning

confidence: 92%

On the Nature of the Coralline Crag

Baden-Powell

1960

Geol. Mag.

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A new fossiliferous section in the Coralline Crag of Suffolk is described, and its fauna is analysed as a clue to the conditions under which these beds were formed ; in particular, the theory that the temperature of the Crag sea was affected by the alternate breaching and closing of land-bridges to the north and south of the North Sea area is considered unnecessary to account for the facts as seen in the field. Further, the Coralline Crag is correlated with the Astian formation of the Mediterranean, and reasons are brought forward to show that the supposed " Boytonian " Zone of the Coralline Crag does in fact not exist.

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The correlation of the Pliocene and Pleistocene marine beds of Britain and the Mediterranean

Cited by 22 publications

References 15 publications

Tjörnes – Pliocene and Pleistocene sediments and faunas

Tjörnes – Pliocene and Pleistocene sediments and faunas

Marine molluscan assemblages in the Early Pleistocene of Sidestrand, Bramerton and the Royal Society borehole at Ludham, Norfolk

On the Nature of the Coralline Crag

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