The correlation of TNF alpha levels with the lipid profile of dengue patients

Abstract

Immunological factors, such as cytokines, have been proposed as a cause of changes in the lipid profile of dengue patients. We studied whether serum lipid levels and serum TNF-α levels are associated in a group of dengue patients from an endemic region in the Northwest of Mexico. We found statistically important differences in the serum lipid profile and the TNF-α levels of dengue patients compared with the control group, were observed. However, TNF-α levels did not correlate with the lipid profile of dengue patients.

Serum lipid profile as a predictor of dengue severity: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…The main characteristics of each study are summarized in Table . Of the included studies, four were cross‐sectional studies (4/9, 44.4%), four were cohort studies (4/9, 44.4%), and one was a case‐control study (1/9, 11.2%) . Samples from a total of 1,953 patients were analyzed in the studies, with ages ranging from 1 month to 66 years and the majority of which were men.…”

“…More than 70% (7/9) of the studies employed the WHO 1997 criteria to classify disease severity. All studies included were conducted between 1996 and 2016 in endemic areas of Latin America (Colombia, Venezuela, Nicaragua, and Mexico) and Asia (India, Pakistan, and Indonesia).…”

“…Seven studies from the nine articles selected for systematic review evaluated cholesterol levels of 1,036 patients and were included in this meta‐analysis. As shown in Figure , lower levels of circulating total‐cholesterol were significantly associated with severe dengue (IV = 26.50, 95% CI: 16.80 to 36.20, I 2 75%, P = .001).…”

“…Six studies with 936 confirmed patients with dengue were pooled in this meta‐analysis. In contrast to total‐cholesterol, the analysis suggests that circulating levels of triglycerides are predictors neither of dengue severity (IV = 14.17, 95% CI: −35.10 to 63.43, I 2 : 97%, P = .57) nor of prognostic value in grave dengue cases (IV = 10.77, 95% CI: −12.51 to 34.05, I 2 : 41%, P = .36) (Figure ).…”

“…In addition, some cholesterol uptake receptors, such as the low‐density lipoprotein receptor (LDLr), are known to participate during DENV infection, making it possible to identify the changes in lipid metabolism during DENV infection that can be used to develop new biomarkers of disease severity . However, the various studies showing the association between circulating lipid levels and the severity of dengue so far lack consistency . Thus, the aim of this review was to determine the potential of serum lipids (ie, triglycerides, VLDL‐cholesterol, LDL‐cholesterol, HDL‐cholesterol, and total‐cholesterol) to act as biomarkers of dengue severity in clinical practice by conducting a meta‐analysis of the available epidemiological studies.…”