The correlations between aging of the human body, oxidative stress and reduced efficiency of repair systems

Michalak, Aleksandra; Krzeszowiak, Jakub; Markiewicz−Górka, Iwona

doi:10.5604/17322693.1132010

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Oxidative stress (OxS) might intensify bone resorption, underlying development of PMO. In addition, the majority of studies reported OxS is strongly linked to a variety of pathologies like infections, autoimmune diseases and others, specific to old age: cancer, neurodegenerative and CVD [51][52][53]. As OxS is also a risk factor of arteriosclerosis and cardiovascular event, it seems to be an interesting link between low bone quantity/quality, on one hand, and arteriosclerosis, on the other hand [49,50].…”

Section: Role Of Lack Of Estrogensmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Hcy can increase osteoclastic activity, decrease osteoblastic function and bind directly to bone extracellular matrix, reducing bone strength. Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) may produce also some mitochondrial abnormalities, which can alter bone properties through generations of ROS [50,51]. However, the mechanism of HHcyinduced bone loss via the mitochondrial pathway is largely unknown.…”

Section: Role Of Lack Of Estrogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease: an update

Lello

Capozzi

Scambia

2015

Gynecological Endocrinology

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Osteoporosis (OP) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the most important causes of mortality and morbility in the elderly. Lots of studies showed a correlation between bone loss and cardiovascular risk mediated by the vascular calcification. The relationship between OP and CVD could be firstly explained by their common risk factors such as age, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity and menopause. However, other different hypotheses were proposed to clarify this link. Multiple factors, for example bone morphogenetic proteins, osteoprotegerin, receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand, parathyroid hormone, phosphate, oxidized lipids and vitamins D and K seemed to be involved in both conditions, indicating a possible common pathophysiologic mechanism. We review and discuss the available data describing this association. Further studies are necessary to better investigate similarities between OP and CVD.

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Section: Role Of Lack Of Estrogensmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Role Of Lack Of Estrogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease: an update

Lello

Capozzi

Scambia

2015

Gynecological Endocrinology

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“…Among the best recognized chemical agents which are attributable to the generation of oxidative stress, are indicated heavy metals, air pollution, plant protection products and tobacco smoke [4,5,6,7]. The physical factors responsible for inducing this phenomenon are electromagnetic fields [8] and ionizing radiation (IR) [9].…”

Section: Introduction and Objectivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Health behaviours, including nutritional [10], play an important role in the generation of oxidative stress and combatting its effects [3]. An intensification of oxidative stress and reduced efficiency of the cell-repairing mechanisms are associated with the process of ageing of the body [7]. Considering the simultaneous effect of the above-mentioned factors on the human body, it is difficult to isolate and determine the strength of the effect of individual factors on human reproductive health.…”

Section: Introduction and Objectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of ionizing radiation on the female reproductive system

Skrzypek¹,

Wdowiak²,

Panasiuk³

et al. 2019

Ann Agric Environ Med.

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Introduction and objective. The tendency towards postponement of maternity implies a greater exposure of female germ cells to damaging environmental effects, including ionizing radiation (IR). Progress in paediatric oncology, based on the use of radiotherapy, also implies the occurrence of gonadal dysfunctions and subsequent female fertility disorders. Therefore, it seems justifiable to systematize the state of knowledge concerning the effect of IR on the female reproductive system. Brief description of the state of knowledge. A considerable part of studies concerning the effect of IR on female germ cells have been conducted on animals. Their extrapolation to humans is hindered because in animal studies high acute exposures are applied, which do not reflect human environmental exposures characterized by chronic low dose exposure. Studies on animals provide a heterogenous image, which hinders the formulation of unequivocal conclusions and indicates that radiosensitivity depends, i.a. on IR dose, stage of development of oocytes, the applied marker of the effects of IR, or on the species. LD50 of human oocytes is estimated to be below 2 Gy. The effect of IR depends, i.a. on the dose fractionation and the age (older women are more radiosensitive). In females, the effective sterilizing dose is: at birth 20.3 Gy, at 10 years 18.4 Gy, at 20 years 16.5 Gy, whereas at 30 years 14.3 Gy, which is associated with the available pool of ovarian follicles. Conclusions. Within the range of low doses received as a result of environmental exposure to IR, there is no evidence for the occurrence of either adverse pregnancy outcomes, nor fertility disorders in females. These effects may be related to the cancer radiotherapy, or exposure to high IR doses during nuclear accidents.

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“…Well-functioning repair systems remove damage and prevent harmful changes in cells. Unfortunately, with age, they are weakened, which contributes to an increase in the number of damaged cells[5].Changes related to the aging of the body and increasingly becoming associated with the operation of ROS. In order to avoid the accumulation of ROS, the body has developed mechanisms of antioxidant defense, which include, among others, the action of enzymes such as CAT, SOD, GST, GPx, or nonenzymatic antioxidants such as GSH.…”

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confidence: 99%

Activity of erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes in healthy women depends on age, BMI, physical activity and diet

Cecerska-Heryć

Krauze

Szczęśniak

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Introduction Antioxidant enzymes protect the human body against the harmful effects of oxidative stress. The activity of antioxidant enzymes changes with age, and depends on dietary nutrients such as fats and vitamins, which can have a significant impact on minimizing or exacerbating oxidative stress. Aim Examine the effect of age, BMI, diet, physical activity and smoking status on the activity of erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes catalase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase glutathione S-transferase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione concentrations in healthy women. Material and methods This study included 98 healthy women aged between 20 and 65 years. All women underwent anthropometric tests: body weight, height, hip and waist circumference. Antioxidant activity in erythrocytes was measured by spectrophotometric methods. Results Catalase activity increased significantly with age (p<0.001), while superoxide dismutase activities and glutathione decreased with age (p =0.008, p =0.023, respectively). Women with a lower BMI (emaciation) had higher superoxide dismutase activity than those in the first degree of obesity (p = 0.009 Conclusions 1. Increased catalase activity with age may be a sign of a large amount of hydrogen peroxide, resulting from poorly functioning antioxidant systems in older age. 2. Decreased superoxide dismutase activity with age may indicate inactivation of this enzyme by excessive hydrogen peroxide, as well as glycation of superoxide dismutase molecules or reactions with lipid peroxidation products, the intensity of which increases with age. 3. The negative correlation between superoxide dismutase activity and BMI index indicates reduced enzymatic activity in obese subjects, despite increased ROS production by adipose tissue.

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The correlations between aging of the human body, oxidative stress and reduced efficiency of repair systems

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease: an update

Osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease: an update

Effect of ionizing radiation on the female reproductive system

Activity of erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes in healthy women depends on age, BMI, physical activity and diet

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